生活技能教育对提高学生心理健康的干预研究

目的 :探讨生活技能教育在提高学生的心理社会能力 ,促进心理健康方面的有效性。方法 :选取北京市九所中学初一年级学生 778人 (试验组 3 93人 ,对照组 3 85人 ) ,对试验组进行 3个学期的生活技能教育 ,对照组不接受生活技能教育。用自行设计的心理健康调查表和Achenbach《儿童行为量表》进行评价。结果 :干预后 ,试验组和对照组学生的自我认识能力 (t =3 91,2 97)调节情绪能力 (t =6 2 1,4 5 5 )和解决问题能力 (t =3 78,3 70 )均比干预前显著增加 (P <0 0 0 1) ,试验组增加更为明显 ;试验组人际关系能力与干预前无显著性差别 (t=-1 10 ) ,而对照组该项能力得分明显低于干预前 (t =-6 60 )。学生的自我报告显示 ,试验组的心理社会能力比对照组有显著提高 (与同学关系F =3 5 3 ,关心他人F =6 71,自信心F =3 99,缓解压力F =10 99独立解决问题F =5 5 4,做出重要决定F =9 63 ,P <0 0 5～ 0 0 0 1)。《儿童行为量表》的结果显示 ,干预后 ,试验组男生部分因子 (不成熟t=3 71,敌意t =2 10 ,多动t=2 6)和女生部分因子 (焦虑强迫t=2 84,分裂样t=2 92 )得分显著降低 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 0 1)。结论 :生活技能教育有助于提高青少年的心理社会能力 ,特别是人际关系和调节情绪能力 ,并且能够促进心理

The Role of Life Skill Education on Mental Health of Middle School Students

Life skills refer to the psychosocial abilities, such as the abilities of self-awareness, interpersonal relationship, and coping with stress Life skill education is one of the effective methods to promote the health of children and adolescents, that is to improve their psychosocial abilities and to prevent problem behaviors Objective: To improve the psychosocial competence of students and to promote their mental health Method: 778 students of grade 7 in 9 middle schools were selected as the sample 393 were in the study group, who received one and half years of life skill education by health education teachers, the other 385 students were in the control group who received normal education A self-designed questionnaire and CBCL (Achenbach child behavior checklist) were used to evaluate the effect before and after intervention Results: Along with the development of students, the abilities of self-awareness, coping with emotions and decision making of both two groups increased, the increase was more obvious in study group than in control group The interpersonal skills were stable in study group, while that decreased in control group after one and a half years Self-report psychosocial competence improved in study group, significantly higher than that of control group After intervention, some factor scores of CBCL significantly decreased in study group Conclusion: Life skill education is helpful in improving psychosocial competence and does benefit to the mental health of middle school students