心内直视手术中结扎左心耳预防风湿性心房颤动患者脑栓塞的研究

目的：探讨在心内直视手术中采用丝线结扎闭塞左心耳的安全性，并评价其预防风湿性心房颤动患者脑栓塞的有效性。方法2012年4月至2014年3月，该院心脏外科中心在129例接受二尖瓣机械瓣置换术的风湿性心房颤动患者心内直视手术中，采用双10号丝线从心外结扎闭塞左心耳（结扎组），通过观察手术相关指标、术后并发症发生率，以及随访期内脑栓塞发生率，并与该院同期未行左心耳结扎术的129例患者（对照组）进行对比分析。结果结扎组的手术时间、体外循环时间、阻断时间、ICU入住时间和术后住院时间分别为（235±50）min、（88±24）min、（57±16）min、（26．5±9．3）h和（12．4±7．5）d ，与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）；结扎组术后再次开胸止血（1例）、低心排血量综合征（2例）、急性肾衰竭（2例）、肺部感染（3例）、胸骨切口裂开（2例）等并发症发生率与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；结扎组死亡2例，对照组死亡3例，两组比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结扎组127例随访（23．6±11．3）个月，无1例发生脑栓塞，而对照组126例随访（22．9±12．1）个月，5例发生脑栓塞，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论心内直视手术中采用丝线结扎闭塞左心耳，简单安全，可降低风湿性心房颤动患者脑栓塞的发生率。

Researches on left atrial appendage occlusion by silk thread ligation during open heart operation for prevention of cerebral embolism in patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the safety of left atrial appendage occlusion by silk thread ligation during open heart op‐eration in patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation ,and to evaluate its effectiveness for prevention of cerebral embolism .Methods From April 2012 to March 2014 ,129 patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation were undergone mitral valve replacement and left at‐rial appendage occlusion by ligation using two silk threads from the outside of the heart (ligation group) .The indexes related to the operation ,postoperative complications incidence ,and cerebral embolism incidence during the follow‐up period of ligation group were compared with the indexes of another 129 patients without ligation of left atrial appendage over the same period (control group) . Results The operation time ,the cardiopulmonary bypass time ,the clamp time ,the intensive care unit stay time ,the postoperative hospitalization time in ligation group were (235 ± 50)min ,(88 ± 24)min ,(57 ± 16)min ,(26 .5 ± 9 .3)h and (12 .4 ± 7 .5)d respective‐ly ,and significant difference was not found compared with control group (P>0 .05) .The thoracotomy for hemostasis(1 cases) ,low cardiac output syndrome(2 cases) ,acute renal failure(2 cases) ,pulmonary infection(3 cases) ,sternal wound dehiscence(2 cases) and other complications in ligation group had no significant difference ,compared with control group(P>0 .05);2 cases died in liga‐tion group ,3 patients died in control group ,the differences had no statistical significance(P>0 .05) .No cerebral embolism occurred in ligation group with 127 patients following‐up (23 .6 ± 11 .3) months ,but 5 patients suffered from cerebral embolism in control group with 126 patients following‐up (22 .9 ± 12 .1) months ,the difference had statistical significance(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Left atrial appendage occlusion by silk thread ligation during open heart operation in patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation is simple and safe ,can reduce cerebral embolism incidence .