Das Karzinomrisiko von Frauen mit Syndrom der polyzystischen Ovarien (PCOS)

Epidemiological studies as well as experimental data suggest that endocrine disturbances in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, hyperandrogenemia, or the unopposed estradiol, which are typical of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), might lead to an increased risk, especially of breast cancer and endometrial carcinoma. The scope of the present data is small; thus, the level of evidence is not very high. However, biological plausibility is convincing. Patients with PCOS should be informed about their potential carcinoma risk. Appropriate modifications of behavior should be recommended (e.g., change of nutrition, weight reduction, and regulation of the menstrual cycle) to reduce the risk of malignant tumors and other health risks of this group at risk as well.