天然药物抗辐射损伤作用机制的研究现状与进展

辐射对生物体具有相当大的危害，其可以直接作用于DNA、蛋白质及酶类，引起电离激发化学键断裂，使分子变性和细胞结构破坏；也可以作用于机体内水分子，使其发生水解，产生大量具有强氧化性的自由基，间接使组织细胞变性、坏死，以致机体代谢紊乱，引起免疫、神经和内分泌等系统的调节功能障碍。在研究中发现许多天然药物具有明显的抗辐射作用，其机制可能与保护DNA、抗免疫损伤、保护造血系统、清除自由基等方面有关。近年来，天然药物抗辐射作用已逐步成为研究热点，对其抗辐射的效果、药理、活性成分的研究也在不断深入。因此，加强对天然药物抗辐射作用及机制的研究，对开发新的抗辐射药物具有重要意义。

Research Status on Mechanism of Action of Natural Medicine on Anti-radiation Damage

Radiation has a considerable damage to the organism; it can directly act on DNA, proteins and enzymes, causing ionization excited and breaking chemical bonds. And this process makes the molecular degeneration and cell＇s structure destruction. Radiation can also act on the body of water molecules and make it to hydrolyze, resulting in a large number of free radicals with strong oxidation. This process indirectly led to tissue degeneration, necrosis, which can result in metabolism disorder that causes the immune, nervous and endocrine system dysfunction. In study, researchers found that many Natural Medicines have a clear anti-radiation effect. The mechanism may be related to protection of DNA, anti-immune injury, protect hematopoietic system, scavenging free radicals. In recent years, Natural Medicines has gradually become a hot research on the effects of radiation resistance, and its anti-radiation effects, pharmacology, active constituents are going deeper. Therefore, strengthen to research on anti-radiation effect of Natural Medicines have a great significance for the development of new anti-radiation drugs.