广州市越秀区白云街社区卫生诊断分析

目的发现并确定社区主要健康问题及其危险因素,分析并提出优先干预项目,制定本社区卫生服务工作规划,并为社区卫生服务的综合效果评估提供基线数据。方法采取多阶段整群随机抽样方法,调查内容包括问卷调查和医学体检两部分,采用集中调查或者入户面访的方法调查。结果共调查800户2 373人。居民死因顺位前五位依次为:心脑血管病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病和泌尿系统疾病。患病率最高的前三位慢性病分别是:高血压病、糖尿病和冠心病。相关危险因素流行率依次是:缺乏运动、饮酒、吸烟、超重、肥胖和口味偏咸等。结论慢性病防控是本社区需要优先解决的卫生问题。加强一般人群的健康教育和健康促进工作,结合危险因素流行情况,针对重点人群开展综合防治将有助于更好地管理社区慢性病患者,并将最终减少慢性病导致的致残率和死亡率。

Diagnosis Analysis of Community Health for Baiyun Community in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou

Objective To find out and identify the main healthy problems and related risk factors in Baiyun community in Yuexiu District,Guangzhou,to analyze and put forward prior interventional medical items,to make medical service plans and to provide basis data for assessment of comprehensive effects of community public medical service.Methods The multiple stage stratified cluster random sampling was taken to recruit totally 2 373 subjects from 800 families.Surveys containing questionnaires and physical examinations were completed by centralized investigation or face-to-face indoor investigation.Results The causes of death for residents were in order of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases,tumors,respiratory diseases,digestive diseases and urological diseases.The top three of chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease.Lacking exercise,alcohol drinking,smoking,overweight,and over-salty diet were the major risk factors relating with chronic diseases mentioned above.Conclusion Prevention and well control of chronic diseases is the prior medical issue that should be resolved first in this community.It is necessary to give more healthy education and healthy promotion to common people.The comprehensive preventive and control of chronic diseases,which is combined with the prevalence of different risk factors and put focus on the key population,will be helpful to management of community management of chronic disease patients,and eventually reduce the disability and mortality caused by chronic diseases.