妊娠后久坐状况对妇女体重影响的研究

目的  探讨产后久坐行为对体重滞留的影响。方法  选取2013年1月-2014年6月期间于海南农垦总医院孕产检并分娩的540例产妇为研究对象，调查其产后42 d、3、6、9和12个月的体重及产后久坐行为，将产后1年体重超过孕前体重5 kg者归为体重滞留组，其余归为无体重滞留组，采用重复测量方差分析及多因素Logistic回归探讨产后久坐行为与体重滞留的关系。结果  产后42 d、3、6、9和12个月的平均体重滞留值分别为（7.90±5.21）、（7.59±5.52）、（6.02±5.23）、（4.83±4.26）和（3.92±4.01）kg，产后1年有36.1%产妇出现体重滞留。产后1年的每日久坐时间<5 h、5～7 h和>7 h者分别为22.6%、39.6%和37.8%，重复测量资料方差分析结果显示，不同久坐时间分组的产后体重滞留值比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.01）。多因素Logistic回归结果表明喂养方式、每日久坐时间是产妇发生产后体重滞留的独立影响因素（P <0.05）。结论  孕妇产后体重滞留状况不容乐观，久坐时间过长可明显增加其发生风险，应大力宣传产后减少久坐时间、适度运动的重要性。

Effect of postpartum sedentary behavior on weight retention

Objective To investigate the effect of postpartum sedentary behavior on weight retention. Methods A total of 540 women who had maternal inspection and delivery in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2014 were enrolled in the study. Weight and sedentary behavior were investigated on the 42nd day and in 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after childbirth. Cases with the 1st-postpartum-year weight 5 kg over the weight before pregnancy were classified into weight-retention group, and others were into non-retention group. Mixed-effect model and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between postpartum sedentary behavior and weight retention. Results The average weight retention on the 42nd day, and in 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after childbirth were (7.90 ± 5.21) kg, (7.59 ± 5.52) kg, (6.02 ± 5.23) kg, (4.83 ± 4.26) kg and (3.92 ± 4.01) kg respectively. Postpartum weight retention occurred in 36.1% of the puerpera in 1 year after childbirth. The percentage of puerpera who had daily sedentary time < 5 h, 5-7 h and > 7 h in 1 year after childbirth was 22.6%, 39.6% and 37.8% respectively. Results of mixed-effect model showed that there were significant differences in the weight retention among the groups with different sedentary time (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the way of feeding and daily sedentary time were independent factors affecting postpartum weight retention (P < 0.05). Conclusions Postpartum weight retention situation is not optimistic. Too long postpartum sedentary time could obviously increase the risk of weight retention, so we should strongly advocate the importance of reducing sedentary time and moderate exercise.