2型糖尿病患者发生慢性并发症的时间与相关因素研究

目的  探讨2型糖尿病患者发生慢性并发症的时间，并分析其相关危险因素，为其临床研究提供依据。方法  共纳入120例首次诊断为2型糖尿病的患者作为研究对象。以首次诊断时间为起始点，随访观察患者并发症发生情况，以发生任何一种并发症为终点，分析发生并发症的相关危险因素。结果  随访8年，120例2型糖尿病患者中有100例出现慢性并发症，发生率为83.3%，有20例患者未出现慢性并发症，占16.7%。随着时间延长，每年出现慢性并发症的比例逐年升高，其中以糖尿病视网膜病变发生率最高，其次为糖尿病肾病及糖尿病心脑血管病变等。单因素显示，高血压病史、糖尿病家族史、吸烟史、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白及空腹血糖与2型糖尿病慢性并发症发生存在相关性，两两比较差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；Logistic回归分析结果表明，糖化血红蛋白和低密度脂蛋白升高、高密度脂蛋白降低是2型糖尿病慢性并发症发生的危险因素（P <0.05）。结论  随着2型糖尿病病程的延长，慢性并发症的发生风险随之升高，糖化血红蛋白和低密度脂蛋白升高、高密度脂蛋白降低是2型糖尿病慢性并发症发生的危险因素。

Onset time and risk factors of chronic complications in type 2 diabetes patients

Objective To investigate the onset time of chronic complications and its influencing factors in T2DM. Methods A total of 120 patients with T2DM were collected. The first diagnosis of T2DM time was defined as the start point, and the first diagnoses of T2DM chronic complication time as the end point. Related risk factors of complications were analyzed. Results A number of 100 patients with chronic complications follow-up for 8 years, and the incidence was 83.3%. The incidence of the chronic complication raised year by year. The incidence of diabetic retinopathy was highest, followed by diabetic nephropathy and diabetes disease of cardiovascular diseases. Single factor analysis showed that family history of diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking history, HbA1c, HDL-C, LDL-C and FBG were associated with T2DM chronic complications (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that high HbA1c, high LDL-C and low HDL-C were risk factors of T2DM chronic complications (P < 0.05). Conclusions The risks of T2DM chronic complications increases with the course prolonged. High HbA1c, high LDL-C and low HDL-C are risk factors of T2DM chronic complications.