惠州市惠阳区1992-2002年疟疾流行病学特征分析

目的分析惠阳区1992-2002年所有疟疾病例个案,寻找其流行病学特征,为消除疟疾提供科学依据。方法收集1992-2002年惠阳区人口资料、疫情报告及有关监测资料进行回顾分析及描述。结果 1992-2002年惠阳区累计报告疟疾病例6 764例,年平均疟疾发病率为119.29/10万。其中1993年报告疟疾发病最多,为2 667例,年发病率为542.18/10万;2002年报告疟疾发病数最少,仅6例,年发病率为1.21/10万。病例的季节分布主要集中在5-9月份,病例数为3 983例,占总病例数的58.89%。男女性别比为4.9∶1。疟疾发病最常见的是20~岁至40~岁年龄组,占疟疾发病总数的74.12%。病例的职业分布最高是建筑工人,占20.17%,其次是种养,占19.90%,再次是烧砖工人,占15.80%。结论惠州市惠阳区1992-2002年疟疾发病率总体呈下降趋势,病例主要集中在建筑、种养、烧砖等行业,且以20~40岁的青壮年男性为主。病例的季节分布主要集中在每年的5-9月份,与当地传疟媒介季节消长基本吻合。

The analysis of epidemiologic characteristics of maralia from 1992 to 2002 in Huiyang county,Huizhou

Objective To study the epidemiological feature of maralia in Huiyang county from 1992 to 2002, in order to provide scientific basis for elimination of maralia in this area. Method Population information,disease reports,and surveillance data of this area 1992-2002 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results The total number of reported incidents from 1992 to 2002 is 6 764,with an average incident rate of 119.29/100 000 per year.Most of the incidents occurred in 1993. The number of incident is 2 667, and incident rate of this year is 542.18/100 000. The least of all is year 2002, only 6 incidents were reported,and incident rate is 1.21/100 000. The onset of disease mainly takes place in between May and September. Incident number is 3 983, that is 58.89%. Male-Female incident ratio is 4.9：1. 3 350 patients are 20-40 years of age,that is 74.12% of total.The top 3 of distribution of incidents by occupation are construction, 20.17%, breeding industry, 19.90%, and brick makers, 15.80%. Conclusions The incident rate of maralia in this area is heading down. Most of the patients are male workers of age 20-40 years old among the construction, breeding industry and brick industry workers. The outbreaks of disease mainly take place in between May and September, which coincides with the seasonal fluctuation of maralia vectors in this area.