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老年2型糖尿病合并慢性肾脏病患者的临床特点及相关因素分析
引用本文:崔瑶,秦明照,陈莹.老年2型糖尿病合并慢性肾脏病患者的临床特点及相关因素分析[J].中华全科医师杂志,2014(7):554-557.
作者姓名:崔瑶  秦明照  陈莹
作者单位:首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院干部医疗科,100730
摘    要:目的分析老年2型糖尿病合并慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者的临床特点及相关因素。方法回顾性分析2009年8月至2012年2月在北京同仁医院干部医疗科住院、≥60岁的202例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料。其中64例合并CKD(CKD组),138例无CKD(非CKD组),比较两组患者临床资料、生化指标、踝臂指数及24h动态血压的差异,采用logistic回归分析对差异有统计学意义的指标进行多因素分析。结果CKD组患者糖尿病病程长于非CKD组(13±11)比(10±7)年,扣2.35],Hb、白蛋白低于非CKD组(12.1±1.7)比(13.3±1.3)g/L、(34.4±2.6)比(36.8±3.4)μg/L,t值分别为-5.73、-4.75],尿酸、TG、24h收缩压、24h脉压高于非CKD组(367±81)比(323±74)μmol/L、(1.6±0.9)比(1.3±0.7)mmol/L、(133±14)比(127±16)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)、(65±12)比(58±12)mmHg,t值分别为3.82、2.50、2.47和3.68],尿微量白蛋白与肌酐比值(UAER/CR)86.2(24.6~374.8)比6.0(3.6~17.8)mg/g]、踝臂指数低于非CKD组(0.94±0.18比1.03±0.18,t=-2.78),差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.01);空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为2.02、1.47、1.48、-0.53、-1.20、-0.76,均P〉0.05)。logistic多因素分析显示,白蛋白、TG、UAER/CR为老年2型糖尿病合并CKD的独立危险因素(OR值分别为0.79、3.63、1.04,95%C1分别为0.62~1.01、1.45—9.0l、1.00—1.08)。Spearman相关分析显示,Hb、白蛋白、踝臂指数与估算的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)呈正相关(r值分别为0.38、0.33、0.28,均P〈0.01),年龄、尿素氮、血清肌酐、尿酸、TG、UAER/CR、24h收缩压、24h脉压与eGFR呈负相关(r值分别为-0.32、-0.63、-0.89、-0.34、-0.18、-0.65、-0.16、-0.25,均P〈0.01)。结论白蛋白、TG、UAER/CR可能为老年2型糖尿病合并CKD患者的独立危险因素。

关 键 词:糖尿病,2型  老年人  肾疾病,慢性  横断面研究

Risk factors of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cui Yao,Qin Mingzhao,Chen Ying.Risk factors of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Chinese JOurnal of General Practitioners,2014(7):554-557.
Authors:Cui Yao  Qin Mingzhao  Chen Ying
Institution:. (Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China)
Abstract:Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and risk factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Two hundred and two T2DM patients aged t〉60 y admitted in Tongren Hospital from August 2009 to February 2012 were enrolled in the study, including 64 cases complicated with CKD (CKD group)and 138 cases without CKD (non-CKD group). Hemoglobin (Hgb), albumin (ALB), glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbAlc), fasting plasma glucose(FBG) , postprandial glucose (PBG) , serum creatinine (Scr) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN) , uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were measured and ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine (UAER/CR) were calculated, ankle brachial index (ABI) and ambulatory blood pressure was examined. Results The duration of diabetes in CKD group was longer than that in non-CKD group ( 13-± 11 ) vs. ( 10 ±7) y, t : 2. 35, P 〈 0.05 ]. Hgb and ALB in CKD group were lower than those in non-CKD group ( 12.1 ± 1.7) vs. (13.3±1.3) g/L,(34.4±2.6) vs. (36.8±3.4) g/L, t= -5.73, -4.75,all P〈0.01]; UA, TG, 24 h systolic blood pressure ( SBP), 24 h pulse pressure (PP) in CKD group were higher than those in non-CKDgroup(367±81)vs. (323±74)μmol/L,(1.6±0.9) vs. (1.3±0.7)mmol/L,(133±14) vs. (127±16)mmHg,(65 ±12) vs. (58 ±12)mmHg, t =3.82, 2.50, 2.47, 3.68, all P〈0.1]. The UAER/CR in CKD group and non-CKD group was 86.2 mg/g (24.6 -374.8 mg/g) and 6.0 mg/g (3.6 - 17.8 mg/g), respectively (P 〈0.01 ) and ABI in CKD group and non-CKD group was 0.94 ±0.18 and 1. 03 ± 0.18 ( - 2.78, P 〈 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in FBG, PBG, HbA1 c, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C between two groups(t= -2.02, 1.47, 1.48, -0.53, -1.20, -0.76,all P〉0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ALB, TG and UAER/CR were the independent risk factors of CKD inT2DMpatients(OR:0. 79,3.63 and 1.04,95%CI:0.62-1.01,1.45 -9.01 and 1.00-1.08). Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that eGFR was positively associated with Hgb, ALB, ABI (r = 0.38,0. 33 and 0.28, all P 〈 0. 01 ), negatively associated with age, BUN, Cr, UA, TG, UAER/CR, 24 hSBP and PP in all diabetes patients( r = - 0.32, - 0.63, - 0.89, - 0.34, - 0.18, - 0.65, - 0.16 and -0. 248, all P 〈 0. 01 ). Conclusions ALB, TG , UAER/CR are the independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords:Diabetes mellitus  type 2  Aged  Kidney diseases  chronic  Cross-sectional studies
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