先天性心脏大血管畸形的产前超声诊断特点分析

目的分析先天性心脏大血管畸形的产前超声诊断特点。方法采用心脏四腔心切面联合胎儿头侧偏转法对18960例胎儿行心脏畸形的快速筛查,可疑者给予肺动脉长轴切面、左右心室流出道及主、大动脉短轴切面、主动脉弓切面、三血管平面、动脉导管弓切面、三血管气管平面,对患者血管的内径大小、排列、数目、血流情况进行彩色多普勒和频谱多普勒的观察。结果共诊断出先天性心脏大血管畸形87例,其中内径大小异常43例,排列异常22例,数目异常27例,血管与气管关系异常2例,血流方向和性质异常43例。结论大动脉的起始部平行排列,血管内径的大小、数目异常、相对气管位置的关系异常以及内部血流的异常是胎儿出现先天性大血管畸形产前超声诊断的主要线索与依据,胎儿的心脏四腔心切面联合胎儿的头侧偏转法能够快速获取筛选情况,左右心室的流出道、三血管平面、主、肺动脉的长轴切面、三血管气管平面的诊断为先天性心脏大血管畸形主要的切面及检查方法。

Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis Characteristics Analysis of Congenital Heart Big Vascular Malformation

Objective To analyse the prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis characteristics analysis of congenital heart big vascular malformation.Methods Take heart 4-chamber view combined fetal head side with fetal deflection method to 18960 patients to have heart malformation quick screening,the suspicious give long axis view of pulmonary artery,ventricular outflow and main,aortic short axis view,aortic arch views,three vascular plane,ductus arteriosus arch view,three vascular tube plane,to take observations of blood vessel’s inner diameter size,arrangement,number,blood flow by color doppler and doppler.Results A total diagnosis of congenital heart big vascular malformation was 87 cases,abnormal inner diameter size in 43 patients,abnormal arrangement in 22,abnormal number was 27,abnormal blood vessels and tracheal relationship in 2 cases,abnormal blood flow direction and nature was 43 patients.Conclusion The artery starting part parallel,the blood vessels inside diameter size,abnormal number,abnormal relationship between the relative position of trachea and abnormal internal blood flow are the main clues and basis of congenital heart big vascular malformation’s prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis,heart 4-chamber view combined fetal head side with fetal deflection can quickly get screening situation,ventricular outflow,three vascular plane,main pulmonary artery long axis plane,three vessels trachea plane’s diagnosis are the major cut and inspection methods for congenital heart big vascular malformation.