2011-2015年北京市肠道门诊老年腹泻患者诺如病毒感染的流行特征分析

目的 分析北京市肠道门诊60岁及以上老年腹泻患者中诺如病毒感染的流行特征.方法 收集2011年3月-2015年12月北京市肠道门诊监测点上报的老年腹泻患者监测数据,并采集患者粪便样本,采用RT-PCR和荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法对粪便样本进行诺如病毒核酸检测.应用卡方检验进行组间率的比较,采用系统聚类分析的方法分析不同地区检出率的差异.结果 2011年3月-2015年12月期间,共l 450例老年腹泻患者,其中诺如病毒检出率为15.45％(224/1 450).诺如病毒检出率高峰为秋冬季.地区分布显示,昌平区、怀柔区、东城区、西城区、顺义区、房山区、海淀区聚为一类,诺如病毒检出率较高.不同性别(x2=0.02,P=0.90)及年龄组间(x2=3.58,P=0.17)诺如病毒检出率差异均无统计学意义.结论 诺如病毒为我市肠道门诊老年人散发腹泻的重要病原,秋冬季节为高发季节.

Epidemiologicai characteristics of norovirus infection among older adults with diarrhea in Beijing,between 2011 and 2015

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infection among older adults with diarrhea in Beijing.Methods Data and fecal specimens of older adults with diarrhea were collected from 2011 to 2015.The nucleic acid of noroviruse was detected using RT-PCR and real time RT-PCR.The detection rates between different groups were compared by Chi-square test.The detection rates of noroviruses among older patients with diarrhea in different district were analyzed by hierarchical clustering method.Results A total of 1 450 older cases with diarrhea were collected during 2011-2015,and the detection rate of noroviruses was 15.45 ％ (224/l 450).The detection rates of noroviruses peaked in autumn and winter.Hierarchical cluster analysis showed the high detection rates in Changping,Huairou,Dongcheng,Xicheng,Shunyi,Fangshan and Haidian districts.There was no statistical difference in detection rates between age and gender groups.Conclusions Norovirus was an important pathogen in older adults with diarrhea,which was most common in autumn and winter.