北京市寨卡病毒病输入疫情处置及经验探讨

目的 描述北京市输入寨卡病毒病的流行病学特征和疫情防控措施,为寨卡病毒病等蚊传疾病防控提供参考依据.方法 对患者进行流行病学调查,采集患者尿液、唾液和血液标本,使用实时荧光PCR方法对标本进行寨卡病毒核酸检测.防控措施包括病例的防蚊隔离、污染物品消毒和防控知识宣教.结果 麻疹样皮疹是这3名患者共有的主要症状,患者同时伴有低热和结膜炎.3例病例均在委内瑞拉首都加拉加斯被蚊虫叮咬后感染发病,并分别于发病后1日、3日和7日从北京入境.患者入境时主动向检疫部门申报,随后被防蚊隔离并人院治疗.实时荧光PCR检测3名患者尿液标本寨卡病毒核酸均为阳性.结论 3例输入寨卡病毒病病例经早期诊断治疗均痊愈出院,防蚊隔离措施和性传播知识的宣教是预防该病在国内的传播、有效防止出现二代病例的有效措施.相关措施将对今后输入寨卡病毒病和其他蚊传疾病的防控有所裨益.

The management of the imported patients of Zika virus disease in Beijing and the discussion on related issues

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics,the management and control measures of three confirmed imported patients of Zika virus disease in Beijing.Methods The patients were interviewed,and the information on epidemiological history and clinical manifestation was acquired.The RT-PCR method was employed to test the blood,urine and saliva samples of the patients.The control measure included the quarantine of the patients,disinfection,and health education.Results Morbilliform rash was a common main clinical symptom of the three patients,accompanied by low-grade fevers and conjunctival congestion.All three patients got infected and suffered an onset in Caracas,the capital of Venezuela.They arrived in Beijing in 1,3,7 days after onset and were quarantined from mosquito and hospitalized after self-declare to a quarantine officer.The urine samples of the three patients were positive for Zika virus detected by real-time PCR.Conclusions This report summarized related information of the three imported cases of Zika virus disease in Beijing and discussed the related issues in control measures.And it will be helpful to the management of imported Zika virus disease and other mosquito-borne diseases in the future.