徐州市心内科护理人员职业倦怠与不良情绪及社会支持的关系

目的探讨心内科护理人员职业倦怠与不良情绪及社会支持的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,对徐州市8所医院心内科372名护理人员进行调查,调查一般资料、职业倦怠、社会支持、焦虑及抑郁情况,分析职业倦怠与焦虑、抑郁及社会支持的关系。结果 258人职业倦怠发生率为69.35%,护士情感耗竭、去人性化维度均明显高于国内常模,成就感低落维度明显高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同社会支持水平护士的情感耗竭、去人性化、成就感低落比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护士焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分≥50分组的情感耗竭、去人性化明显高于<50分组,成就感低落明显低于<50分组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);抑郁自评量表(SDS)≥50分组的情感耗竭、去人性化明显高于<50分组,成就感低落评分明显低于<50分组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,护士客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度评分与成就感低落呈正相关,与情感耗竭、去人性化及总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。情感耗竭、去人性化与SAS、SDS呈正相关,成就感低落与SAS、SDS呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论心内科护理人员的职业倦怠发生率较高,焦虑、抑郁及社会支持是护士职业倦怠的影响因素。

The relationship between occupational burnout and negative emotion and social support among cardiology nurses of Xuzhou

Objective To explore the relationship between occupational burnout and negative emotions and social support among nurses in cardiology department.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 372 nursing staff in the department of cardiology of 8 hospitals in Xuzhou.The general information,job burnout,social support,anxiety and depression were investigated,and the correlation between job burnout and anxiety,depression and social support was analyzed.Results The burnout rate of258 patients was 69.35%.The dimensions of emotional exhaustion and dehumanization of nurses were significantly higher than the domestic norm,and the dimension of low sense of achievement was significantly higher than the domestic norm,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The difference of emotional exhaustion,dehumanization and low sense of achievement was statistically significant(P<0.05).Emotional exhaustion and dehumanization were significantly higher in the group with score>=50 than in the group with score<50,and the sense of achievement was significantly lower in the group with score<50(P<0.05).Emotional exhaustion and dehumanization were significantly higher in the group with score>=50 than in the group with score<50,and the score of depression was significantly lower in the group with score<50(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that scores of objective support,subjective support and support utilization among the nurses were positively correlated with low sense of achievement,and negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion,dehumanization and total score(P<0.05).Emotional exhaustion and dehumanization were positively correlated with SAS and SDS,while low sense of achievement was negatively correlated with SAS and SDS(P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of job burnout is high among nurses in cardiology department.Anxiety,depression and social support are the influencing factors of job burnout.