钩藤碱对自发性高血压大鼠心室重构过程中TGF-β_1/Smad通路的影响

目的:观察钩藤碱对自发性高血压大鼠血压、心肌肥厚及心肌纤维化的影响并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:32只自发性高血压大鼠随机分为模型组、钩藤碱高(10 mg·kg-1·d-1)、低(2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1)剂量组、卡托普利组(17.5 mg·kg-1·d-1),每组8只。另设8只Wistar-Kyoto大鼠作为正常对照组。分别于给药前和给药后每2周测量尾动脉收缩压(SBP)。治疗10周后处死大鼠,取其心脏计算全心重量指数和左心室重量指数;检测心肌中羟脯氨酸(HYP)及血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的含量;HE染色观察心肌病理学变化,Masson染色观察心肌胶原纤维变化;免疫组化法和Western blot法测心肌组织转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和Smad3蛋白的表达。结果:与模型组相比,钩藤碱能明显降低自发性高血压大鼠的血压(P0.05),降低心肌HYP含量及血浆AngⅡ的含量(P0.05),减轻心肌组织的病理损伤和胶原纤维沉积,下调TGF-β1和Smad3蛋白的表达(P0.01)。结论:钩藤碱能降低自发性高血压大鼠的血压、调节改善自发性高血压大鼠的心室重构,其机制可能与其影响TGF-β1/Smad通路以及降低AngⅡ含量有关。

Effect of rhynchophylline on TGF-β1/Smad pathway for processing ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of rhynchophylline (Rhy) on blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into model group, high dose (10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) and low dose (2.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) group of rhynchophylline, captopril group (17.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1). Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as normal control. Respectively, systolic blood pressure was measured by tail cuff every 2 weeks. After 10 weeks, heart weight index and left ventricular weight index were calculated. The myocardial hydroxyproline and plasma angiotensin Ⅱ were detected. Moreover, basic myocardial histopathological changes and myocardial collagen fibres were observed by HE staining and Masson staining, respectively. The protein expression of TGF-β₁ and Smad3 in the myocardium was measured by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with SHR model group, Rhy significantly reduced blood pressure (P<0.05), the levels of HYP in the myocardium (P<0.05) and the levels of AngⅡ in the plasma (P<0.01). The pathological damages of the myocardial tissues and collagen deposition were attenuated. The protein expression of TGF-β₁ and Smad3 was significantly reduced by the treatment with Rhy (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Rhynchophylline reduces blood pressure and adjusts to improve ventricular remodeling of SHR. The mechanism may be involved in the TGF-β₁/Smad pathway and reducing AngⅡ content.