慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理与健康素养的调查

目的调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者自我管理水平与健康素养情况,分析COPD患者自我管理与健康素养之间的关系。方法对上海交通大学附属第六人民医院南院呼吸科COPD患者238名采用《自我管理量表》、《健康素养量表》进行调查。结果不同年龄、病程、吸烟情况、付费方式、家庭月收入之间健康素养评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。自我管理各维度平均分由高到低依次为:日常生活习惯(42.15±9.62)、情绪控制(35.43±9.79)、自我效能管理(26.37±6.89)、呼吸道症状管理(21.38±6.08)、信息管理(21.27±6.58)。自我管理呼吸道症状管理、日常生活习惯、情绪控制、信息管理、自我效能管理评分及总分与健康素养均呈正相关(P<0.05)。多元logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟情况、付费方式、家庭月收入、健康素养的影响因素中健康素养对自我管理的影响最大。结论采用相关措施提高COPD患者健康素养,能够提高自我管理水平,减少疾病反复发作次数,改善患者生活质量。

Self-management and health literacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective Objective To investigate the levels of self-management and health literacy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and to analyze the relationship between COPD self-management and health literacy.Methods The self-management scale and health literacy scale were used to investigate 238 patients with COPD in the respiratory department of the sixth people's hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.Results There were statistically significant differences of the health literacy scores in different ages,disease duration,smoking status,payment methods and monthly family income(P<0.05).The average score of each dimension of self-management from high to low was:daily habits(42.15±9.62),emotion control(35.43±9.79),self-efficacy management(26.37±6.89),respiratory symptoms management(21.38±6.08),and information management(21.27±6.58).Self-management respiratory symptoms management,daily habits,emotion control,information management,self-efficacy management score and total score were positively correlated with health literacy(P<0.05).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the greatest impacts on self-management were the influencing factors of smoking situation,payment method,family monthly income and health literacy,health literacy.Conclusions The adoption of related measures to improve the health literacy of COPD patients can improve the level of self-management,reduce the recurrence of disease and improve the quality of life of patients.