小鼠iPSCs诱导分化为胰岛素分泌细胞及治疗糖尿病的实验研究

 目的: 利用3步法诱导方案,使小鼠诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)分化为胰岛素分泌细胞(insulin-producing cells,IPCs),观察诱导效率和成熟度,并观察其对糖尿病小鼠治疗效果。方法: 本实验室通过piggyBac转座子将C57/C雄性小鼠来源胚胎成纤维细胞(mouse embryonic fibroblasts,MEFs)构建为小鼠iPSCs,利用3步法诱导方案分化为IPCs,观察细胞分化过程中的形态变化;RT-PCR和免疫荧光检测其胰岛β细胞发育相关基因和蛋白的表达;流式细胞术分析分化效率;葡萄糖刺激实验检测胰岛素和C肽分泌水平。将IPCs移植入C57/C雄性糖尿病小鼠模型左肾包膜下,监测血糖和血清中胰岛素含量28 d,观察逆转高糖血症的效果。结果: 建立的3步诱导方案可以将小鼠iPSCs诱导分化为IPCs,其表达胰岛β细胞的标志性基因(Pdx1、Ngn3、Pax6和Ins2)和蛋白(Pdx1、Nkx6.1和胰岛素),在葡萄糖刺激下可分泌胰岛素和C肽。流式细胞术结果表明诱导分化的效率达28%。移植后3 d糖尿病小鼠血糖即降低至接近正常水平,血清胰岛素含量明显升高,对葡萄糖的调控能力明显增强。病理学观察IPCs细胞移植28 d后仍存活。结论: 建立的3步诱导法可将iPSCs高效定向诱导分化为IPCs,明显缩短了诱导分化的时间,移植至近交系同性别小鼠体内可逆转糖尿病的高糖血症。

Differentiation of mouse iPSCs into insulin-producing cells and experimental study on treating diabetes

AIM: To induce mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) by a new 3-step method, and to detect the efficiency and maturity for the treatment of diabetic mice. METHODS: We constructed iPSCs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts of male C57/C mouse by piggyBac transposon, then induced the iPSCs into IPCs by a 3-step method. The cell morphological change was traced by microscopy during the process of differentiation. The expression of mRNA and protein associated with islet β cell development was determined by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was used to analysis the efficiency of differentiation. Insulin and C-peptide secretions of IPCs in response to glucose at high (25 mmol/L) or low (5.5 mmol/L) level were measured by ELISA. The IPCs were transplanted into the capsul of left kidney in the male C57/C diabetic mouse model. Blood glucose was continuously monitored for 28 day, serum insulin was tested by ELISA in different stages. The glucose tolerance test was performed on the 28th day, and the left kidney was excised. RESULTS: IPCs were obtained from mouse iPSCs by the 3-step method. The cells expressed the marker genes (Pdx1, Ngn3, Pax6 and Ins2) and proteins (Pdx1, Nkx6.1 and insulin) of β cells. The glucose stimulation induced the secretion of insulin and C-peptide. The efficiency of differentiation was 28% detected by flow cytometry. After transplantation of IPCs to the diabetic mice, the blood glucose was decreased to normal level on the 3rd day,and serum insulin level and the ability of regulating glucose were improved. IPCs were still alive after 28 d of transplantation by pathological observation. CONCLUSION: iPSCs is efficiently induced into IPCs by a 3-step method , and the induction time is shortened significantly. The hyperglycemia of diabetes mice is reversed after transplanting IPCs to same sex inbred strain mice.