牛磺酸对延缓人大脑神经细胞衰老作用机制的研究

采用人胚大脑神经细胞体外无血清原代分离培养方法，研究了不同剂量牛磺酸及不同培养天数对人大脑神经细胞衰老的影响。结果发现：培养神经细胞到第６，９，１５天时，牛磺酸组大脑神经细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而加入了不同浓度牛磺酸各组的神经细胞到培养的第６天时，与对照组相比，加入牛磺酸浓度为５０ｍｇ／Ｌ及２００ｍｇ／Ｌ的神经细胞组ＳＯＤ活性均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在培养到第三天时，牛磺酸组脑神经细胞中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），培养到第６和第９天时也呈现比对照组增高的趋势。本研究发现随着培养时间的延长，对照组神经细胞膜脂流动性显著下降，而牛磺酸组基本保持稳定；含不同牛磺酸浓度各组的神经细胞，在培养到第６天时，以含牛磺酸５０、２００及４００ｍｇ／Ｌ的神经细胞膜脂流动性较稳定，与对照组相比差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。本研究首次证明，适宜剂量牛磺酸对维持神经细胞膜脂的正常流动性是必需的，可显著延缓大脑神经细胞的衰老。

A Study on the Mechanism of Taurine Postponing the Aging Process of Human Fetal Brain Neural Cells

he relationship between taurine and aging of brain neural cells was studied by using primary human fetal brain neural cells cultured in serum free medium. The results indicated that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in taurine added group than the control group cultured for 6,9 and 15 days ( P <0.05). With different taurine levels, the SOD activities of 50mg/L and 200mg/L taurine groups were significantly higher than the control group cultured for 6 days ( P <0.05). After 3 day culture, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) in the taurine added group was significantly higher than the control group ( P <0.05). The membrane lipid fluidity of neural cells decreased with time in control group, but was stable in the group treated with taurine. The fluidity was more stable in the groups treated with 50, 200 and 400mg/L groups cultured for 6 days, compared with the control group ( P <0.05 or 0.01). The present study showed that taurine is necessary for maintaining membrane lipid fluidity of neural cells in proper levels, and plays an important role in postponing the aging process of brain neural cells.