不同化学形式钙对大鼠生长发育及组织中钙水平影响的研究

为了解决钙缺乏，寻求效果好、价格低的钙源，我们比较了碳酸钙、活性钙和乳酸钙对大鼠生长发育和组织中钙水平的影响。选用三周断乳Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠５６只，喂饲３周缺钙基础膳食（维生素Ｄ含量为５００ＩＵ／ｋｇ）。耗空期后，按体重随机把大鼠分成４组，每组１４只，雌雄各半。以基础膳食为对照组；其它三组为补充碳酸钙、活性钙或乳酸钙组（含膳食钙３０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ），实验期为１２周。结果显示：补钙各组的终体重和身长均非常显著高于对照组，（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在补钙各组间，只有乳酸钙组的雌性身长与碳酸钙组间的差异显著外，其它各组间无显著差异。由于缺钙使动物的进食量减少和膳食效价显著降低，结果导致生长发育显著迟缓。补钙组的血浆、红细胞和肝脏中的钙含量均显著高于缺钙的对照组，（Ｐ＜０．０５），而补钙各组间则无显著差异；但是肌肉和心脏中的钙含量，各组间无显著差别。如按达到ＲＤＡ每日需要补充４００ｍｇ钙计算，以碳酸钙制剂的效果价格比为最佳，是最好的钙源。

Effects of Different Form Calcium on Growth and Tissue Calcium Level in Rats

In order to solve the problem of calcium deficiency and to look for economic and efficient source of calcium,the effects of calcium carbonate,active calcium and calcium lactate on growth,development and tissue calcium level in rats were compared.Fifty six 3 week old weaning rats were fed with calcium deficient diet (containing vitamin D 500IU per kg diet) for 3 weeks,and then were divided into four groups randomly with 14 rats in each group,half male and half female.The diet of control group(A) was the basic diet,while the three experiment diets were supplemented with calcium carbonate(B),active calcium(C) and calcium lactate(D) (3000 mg calcium per kg diet),respectively.The experiment term was 12 weeks.The results showed that the body weight and length of calcium supplemented group were significantly higher than that of control group( P <0 05).Among the calcium supplemented groups,no significant differences were observed except the difference of body length between the group D and the group A in female. Calcium deficiency dramatically hindered the development with reduced dietary intake and decreased food consumption efficiency.The calcium levels in plasma,red blood cells and liver were significantly higher in the supplemented groups than that in the control group( P <0 05),however,there was no difference among the supplemented groups.No significant difference of calcium levels in muscle and heart was observed among all groups.Based on needs for reaching the RDA with additional 400mg/d from present calcium status in Chinese population,the calcium carbonate is the most economic one and the ideal calcium source for supplementation.