团体辅导在基层部队心理健康教育中的应用

目的探讨团体心理辅导对士兵心理健康的影响，为提高士兵心理健康水平提供行之有效的方法。方法以某部队90名日常军事生活环境中的士兵为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组接受15次团体理辅导，对照组处于常态。团体辅导前后采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和应付方式问卷（CSS）分别对两组的士兵施测，检验团体心理辅导的作用。干预组士兵采用自编团体心理辅导成员评估表在干预后进行主观评估。结果团体辅导后，干预组与对照组相比，SCL-90总分及除恐怖、躯体化目子以外的各因子分均低于对照组，且有统计学意义；成员的应付方式问卷得分除“幻想”分量表差别细微外，“解决问题”、“求助”2个分量表分数增高，“自责”、“退避”、“合理化”3个分量表分数低于对照组，差异有统计学意义；干预组自身比较，后测的SCL-90总分及各因子分均比前减少，除恐怖、躯体化因子以外的各因子分和总分均有统计学意义；后测的应付方式问卷得分除“幻想”分量表变化细微外，“解决问题”、“求助”2个分量表分数增高，“自责”、“退避”、“合理化”3个分量表分数降低。结论团体心理辅导能帮助士兵更多采用积极有效的应付方式，提高士兵的心理健康水平。

Practice of Group Counseling in Mental Health Education of Basic Unit Military

Objective To explore the influence of group counseling in mental health education of basic unit military,and to supply an effective plan to improve the level of mental health of soldiers.Methods Ninety soldiers under daily military conditions were selected and divided into 2 groups:the experimental group and the control group.Group guidance was performed in the experimental group for 15 times,while only psychologcal test was performed in the control group.All of the 90 soldiers were tested by Symptom Checlist 90(SCL-90)and Coping Style Scale(CSS)before and after group guidance to assess the effect.Meanwhile,the soldiers of the experimental group were tested by the evaluating table of experimental group members after guidance.Results Compared with the control group,the scores of the experimental group showed significant decrease in total scale and subscales of SCL-90 except "horror" and "somatization"(P<0.01)after group guidance;the scores of the experimental group of CSS showed significant increase in the subscale "resolve problems" and "ask for help" and showed significant decrease in the subscale "self-abuse","retreat" and "rationalization"(P<0.01).As for the experimental group,compared with the scores before guidance the result showed significant decrease in total scale and subscales of SCL-90 except "horror" and "somatization" after group guidance,the scores of the experimental group of CSS showed significant increase in the subscale "resolve problems" and "ask for help" and significant decrease in the subscale "self-abuse","retreat" and "rationalization"(P<0.01).Conclusion Group guidance can help soldiers to adopt more positive coping style,and enhance the level of mental health of soldiers.