基于气相-离子迁移谱的不同干燥方式下金银花挥发性成分分析

目的 通过分析不同干燥方式（晒干、阴干、低温烘干、蒸制杀青-烘干）对金银花Lonicerae Japonicae Flos挥发性成分的影响，发现金银花保留挥发性成分的最佳干燥方式。方法 采用气相离子迁移谱（GC-IMS）技术分析不同干燥方式下金银花中挥发性成分并对其进行差异分析。结果 4种干燥方式下，金银花中共鉴定出48个挥发性成分，包括醛类（14个）、醇类（10个）、酮类（5个）、吡嗪类（6个）、吡咯类（1个）、呋喃类（2个）、酯类（5个）、酸类（2个）、其他类（3个）。经过显著性差异检验，发现了34个差异性挥发性成分。晒干法中挥发性成分种类更为丰富，总体含量更高；蒸制杀青-烘干法中挥发性成分种类最少，总体含量较低。阴干与低温烘干法之间差异较小，这2种方法保留挥发性成分的能力优于蒸制杀青-烘干法，但次于晒干法。结论 不同干燥方式下挥发性成分存在明显差异，综合对比后得出晒干是金银花保留挥发性成分和风味的最佳干燥方式，为金银花干燥方式的优化、芳香健康功效及风味品质的研究提供科学理论指导。

Analysis of volatile compounds in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos with different drying methods based on gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry

Objective Through analyzing the effects of different drying methods (sun drying, shade drying, low-temperature drying, drying after steaming processing) on the volatile compounds of Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, LJF), the optimal drying method for retaining volatile compounds of LJF was obtained. Methods Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was used to analyze the volatile compounds in LJF with different drying methods, and the differences were analyzed. Results A total of 48 volatile compounds were identified in LJF with the four drying methods, including aldehydes (14), alcohols (10), ketones (5), pyrazines (6), pyrroles (1), furans (2), esters (5), acids (2) and others (3). Tirty-four differential volatile components were found by significant difference test. The types of volatile components were more abundant by sun drying method, and the total content was higher. The types of volatile components were the least by drying after steaming processing method, and the total content was lower. The difference between shade drying and low-temperature drying methods was small. The ability of these two methods to retain volatile compounds was better than that of the drying after steaming processing method, but weaker than the sun drying method. Conclusion In the study, obvious differences were found in volatile compounds of LJF with different drying methods. And the sun drying method is the best for retaining volatile compounds and flavor of LJF. The research results can provide scientific and theoretical guidance for the study of the optimization of drying methods, the fragrance and health effects and the flavor quality of LJF.