Epidemiology of pneumococcal diseases in Spain after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
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Authors: | Jose Maria Marimon Carmen Ardanuy |
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Institution: | 1. Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, Microbiology Department, San Sebastian, Spain;2. Microbiology Department. Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;3. Research Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain;4. Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | In Spain, the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has led to a decrease in the incidence of vaccine serotypes causing invasive and non-invasive disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated children and adults. Further, the coverage of most of the resistant serotypes by vaccines resulted in an overall decline in antibiotic resistance.As an undesirable effect, there was an increase in the non-vaccine serotypes causing infection, especially serotypes 1, 7F and 19A after PCV7 and serotype 8 after PCV13 approval, this making the beneficial effect of vaccination less apparent.The inclusion of PCVs in childhood vaccination schedules, its approval for use in healthy adults and the increasing number of serotypes covered by the vaccines in development are strong strategies in the fight against pneumococcal disease. Nonetheless, the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections must be still under surveillance to detect new changes, given the high capacity for recombination and adaptability of this always-surprising microorganism. |
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Keywords: | Transmission and virulence factors Hábitat Factores de transmisión y virulencia |
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