军队人群流感监测(1995～200O)

目的：建立“全军流感监测系统”,获得流感流行病学数据和病毒变异及流行趋势,实施流感预测预报,方法：按WHO规定的原理和方法进行：对流感流行株,抗原和基因以及血清抗体和病毒多原实行监测。结果：获军队流感病毒流行株40株,副流感Ⅱ型流行株2株,6000名战士血清流感抗体纵向监测表明;每年每名战士平均受流感病毒侵袭1．4次,流感抗体在6个月之内下降67％,流感抗体横向监测表明：甲1型流感抗体从1995年以来呈阶梯形下降,易感人群由15％上升至75％,甲3型流感抗体从1997年以来长期处于高水平,预示将会发生变异,1000余名战士鼻咽分泌物多病原检测结果表明：流感冒发流行期病毒总检出率为70％,一般流行季节约50％,抗原性变异和基因测序分析结果表明：甲1型流感株已发生明显变异,发现3株新流行株与标准株的同源性仅有92％和91％,新株丢失了130位氨基酸和304位糖化位点,对14840名战士调查表明：在流行季节45d内,流感发病率＞21％,缺勤约50万工作日,军营病毒暴发流行疫情可在6h作出.报告。结论：初步建立了军队人群流感监测系统,掌握了军队战士主要呼吸道病毒的发病率和易感率,为流感的预测和预报提供了科学依据。

INFLUENZA SURVEILLANCE ON THE ARMY POPULATION

Objective:To establish an influenza surveillance system in the whole army,and to obtain the epidemiologic data of influenza,the trend of virus variation and epidemic,thus to carry out influenza forecast and prediction.Methods:According to the principle and methods of the WHO stipulation, the influenza epidemic strains, antigen, gene variation, serum antibody and virus multi-pathogen were monitored.Results:40 strains of influenza epidemic virus and 2 strains of parainfluenza virus were obtained.Serum influenza antibody assay from 6 000 soldiers , sera showed that the average time of attack by influenza virus was 1.4 per person per year, and the influenza antibody decreased by 67% within 6 months;Influenza A virus antibody revealed ladder like declining since 1995, susceptible population from 15% rose to 75%; Influenza C virus antibody kept on high level, indicating that variation would occur. Multipathogenic assay of nasopharyngeal secretion from about 1 000 soldiers showed that the total detection rate of influenza virus during fulminating stage was about 70%, while that in ordinary epidemic seasons was about 50%. There was obvious antigen variation in Influenza A virus. The homology of 3 new strains with standard strain was 92% and 91%. Depletion of amino acid at 130 binding site and glycosyl group at 304 binding site were found. Investigation on 14 840 soldiers showed that the incidence of influenza within 45 d of epidemic seasons was >21% and the absence from duty was about 500 000 work days. The epidemic situation in the army could be reported in 6 h.Conclusion: The influenza surveillance system on the army population has been established preliminarily. The incidence and susceptibility rate of main respiratory virus in the army were obtained. Thus the results would provide scientific basis for predicting and forcasting influenza epidemic.