不同靶控浓度瑞芬太尼联合右美托咪定用于颈椎手术麻醉中经鼻清醒气管插管效果的比较

目的观察不同靶控浓度瑞芬太尼联合右美托咪定用于颈椎手术麻醉经鼻清醒气管插管的安全性和有效性,探讨临床适宜的瑞芬太尼靶控浓度。方法选择择期在全身麻醉下行颈椎手术患者60例,男40例,女20例,年龄18~68岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,按瑞芬太尼靶控浓度不同随机分为三组:A组:瑞芬太尼1.5ng/ml,B组:瑞芬太尼2.0ng/ml,C组:瑞芬太尼2.5ng/ml。三组患者均给予右美托咪定1μg/kg。观察并记录入手术室时(T_1)、插管前(T_2)、气管导管过鼻咽即刻(T_3)、气管导管过声门即刻(T_4)、导管套囊充气即刻(T_5)、导管进入气管后1min(T_6)的MAP、HR、SpO_2、RR;并记录插管时间、插管一次成功率、患者插管过程中呛咳、肢体运动及呼吸抑制等不良反应和知晓情况。结果与T_1时比较,T_3~T_5时A组MAP明显升高,HR明显增快(P0.05),B组、C组差异无统计学意义;与T_1时比较,T_4~T_6时C组SpO_2明显下降(P0.05),T_3~T_6时C组RR明显减慢(P0.05),A组、B组差异无统计学意义。A组呛咳、肢体运动发生率明显高于B组和C组(P0.05);A组、B组呼吸抑制发生率明显低于C组(P0.05)。结论 2.0ng/ml靶控浓度瑞芬太尼联合右美托咪定能有效抑制插管时的应激反应,减少呼吸抑制发生,适合用于颈椎手术患者电子插管软镜引导经鼻清醒插管。

Different target controlled concentrations of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine used for awake nasal intubation in cervical spine surgery patients

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of different concentration of remifen-tanil TCI combined with dexmedetomidine for awake nasal intubation in cervical spine surgery patients and explore the clinical suitable concentrations for remifentanil TCI.Methods Sixty cervical spine surgery patients undergoing selective surgery under general anaesthesia (male 40 cases,female 20 ca-ses,aged 18-68 years,ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ)were randomly divided into three groups according to TCI con-centration of remifentanil.The plasma concentration of remifentanil TCI of group A,B,C were 1.5 ng/ml,2.0 ng/ml,2.5 ng/ml respectively,which combined with dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg.The value of MAP,HR,SpO2 ,RR were recorded when patients entering the operating room(T1 ), before intubation(T2 ),immediately after tracheal tube passing through nasopharynx(T3 ),immedi-ately after tracheal intubation(T4 ),immediately after tracheal tube cuff inflated(T5 )and 1min after intubation(T6 ).The success rate of first intubation were recorded.The incidence of cough,limb movement,respiratory depression,awareness and other adverse reactions during intubation were re-corded.Results In group A,MAP and HR at T3-T5 were significantly higher than those at T1 (P <0.05);SpO2 at T4-T6 and RR at T3-T6 were significantly lower than those at T1 (P <0.05)in group C.In group A,the incidence of cough and limb movements were significantly higher than those in group B,C(P <0.05).In group C,the incidence of respiratory depression was significantly higher than that in group A,B(P <0.05).Conclusion TCI concentration 2.0 ng/ml for remifentanil com-bined with dexmedetomidine can effectively inhibit the stress response to intubation with little respira-tory depression and can be widely used for awake nasal intubation in cervical spine surgery patients.