右美托咪定对肝炎肝硬化患者围术期应激反应和免疫功能的影响

目的观察右美托咪定对肝炎肝硬化患者围术期应激反应和免疫功能的影响。方法择期行肝癌切除术的肝炎肝硬化患者40例,肝功能分级(Child-Pugh)为A或B级,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,采用数字表法随机均分为右美托咪定组(D组)和对照组(C组)。D组麻醉诱导前10min静脉泵注右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,随后以0.4μg·kg-1·h-1持续泵注至关腹;C组静脉泵注等量生理盐水。分别于麻醉诱导前30min(T0)、术毕即刻(T1)、术后24h(T2)、48h(T3)抽取外周静脉血,采用流式细胞仪测定T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+)数量、NK细胞的百分比;并采用酶联免疫分析法检测T0~T3时血清炎性因子(IL-2、IL-10)浓度及T0、T2、T3时血清皮质醇(Cor)、醛固酮(ALD)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)含量。记录T0、插管即刻(Ta)、T1、拔管即刻(Tb)时SBP、DBP及CVP。结果 T1、T2时两组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+明显低于T0时,且C组明显低于D组(P0.05)。T1时两组NK细胞明显高于T0时,D组明显高于C组(P0.05)。T1、T2时C组IL-2浓度明显低于T0时和D组,T2、T3时C组IL-10浓度明显高于T0时和D组(P0.05)。T2、T3时两组Cor、ALD、ACTH水平明显高于T0时,D组Cor、ALD、ACTH水平明显低于C组(P0.05)。Ta、T1、Tb时C组SBP、DBP、CVP明显高于T0时和D组(P0.05)。结论全麻下行肝癌切除术的肝炎肝硬化患者在术后存在一定程度的免疫抑制,静脉泵注右美托咪定可以抑制围术期的应激反应,降低对免疫功能的影响。

Effects of dexmedetomidine on the perioperative stress response and immunologic function in hepatectomy patients with hepatitis cirrhosis

Objective To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine on the perioperative stress response and immunologic function in hepatectomy patients with hepatitis cirrhosis.Methods Forty patients(Child-Pugh A or B),ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ with hepatitis cirrhosis undergoing hepatectomy were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine group(group D)and control group(group C)with 20 cases in each.Patients in group D were administered 0.5 μg/kg bolus dose of dexmedetomidine over 10 min, followed by 0.4 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 infusion until closing abdomen.And patients in group C were given normal saline by the same way as in group D.Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood T lymphocytes (CD3 + ,CD4 + ,CD8 + ,CD4 +/CD8 + ),NK cells at 30 min before anesthesia(T0 ),imme-diately(T1 ),24 h(T2 )and 48 h(T3 )after surgery.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines concentration(IL-2,IL-10)at T0-T3 and stress hormones (Cor,ACTH,ALD)at T0 ,T2 and T3 .The levels of SBP,DBP and CVP at T0 ,immediately with intu-bation(Ta ),T1 and extubation(Tb ).Results Compared to those at T0 ,the levels of CD3 + ,CD4 + , CD8 + ,CD4 +/CD8 + at T1 and T2 were significantly lower in both groups(P <0.05),and the levels in group D were obviously higher than those in group C(P <0.05).The levels in group D were back to preoperative levels at T3 ,but the levels in group C were still lower than those at T0 (P <0.05).The levels of NK cells were higher at T1 in both groups,and the levels in group D was significantly higher than those in group C(P <0.05).Compared to those at group D,the concentration of IL-2 was lower at T1 and T2 ,the concentration of IL-10 was higher at T2 and T3 in group C (P <0.05).The levels of Cor,ALD,ACTH at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T0 in both groups,but those in group D were markedly lower than those in group C (P < 0.05 ).The SBP,DBP and CVP of two groups was no statistically significant difference at T0 ,and SBP,DBP and CVP of the group D at Ta , T1 ,Tb was lower than that of T0 and group C (P <0.05).Conclusion Patients with hepatitis cirrho-sis underwent general anesthesia has certain immune suppression after liver cancer surgery,and con-tinuous intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine during anesthesia may suppress the perioperative stress reaction effectively and alleviate the inhibition of immunologic function.