口腔医学本科生学习目的与专业及职业选择的现状调查

目的：调查目前口腔医学本科生专业学习的目的与动机，分析学生对于不同口腔专业选择偏好及对未来职业选择的意愿。方法：选择国内三所大学一、四、五年级在校口腔医学本科生，并邀请其填写相应调查问卷表，根据对每个调查项目的个人主观态度进行打分，采用SPSS统计软件分析提取学习动机的主要因素。结果：共计向各院校口腔医学本科生发出调查问卷表368份，收回326份，参与率88.6％。其中一年级学生142名，男55人，女87人，平均年龄18.77岁；四、五年学生184名，男51人，女133人，平均年龄22.79岁。调查结果显示，帮助他人改善口腔健康（3.49％）是国内口腔医学生最主要的学习动机来源，收入较高（3.38％）排第二，同时还会受到个人兴趣和他人建议的影响。从专业选择偏好分析调查问卷结果显示正畸（6.92％）、种植（6.44％）、修复（6.16％）位列三甲，粘膜病专业（3.29％）和儿童牙病专业（4.14％）不受青睐。职业选择倾向顺序依次为公立医院（6.49％），研究生深造（6.41％），在私立医院、连锁诊所的医生或从事管理工作的民营机构执薪者（6.15％）、个体牙医（5.66％）、民营机构合伙人（5.10％）、牙科领域科学研究（4.46％）、口腔公众健康机构（4.39％）、初级卫生医疗机构（3.57％），非口腔专业领域工作（1.84％）。结论：口腔医学生热爱专业，学习动机主要来源于为他人服务、收入较高和个人兴趣，正畸、种植及修复专业受到青睐。公立医院仍然是学生们的职业首选，但也不排斥进入私营医疗机构工作。

Study on motives,professional preference and career choices among dental students in China

Objective:To provide reference strategies for dental students education through study motives,profession-al preference and career choices surveys among dental students in China. Methods:Dental students in grade one,four,five in three domestic universities were invited to fill in questionnaire which were designed to survey study motives,professional pref-erence and career choices. They scored each survey items according to the individual subjective attitude. In study motives sur-vey,factor analysis applied to extract the main component using SPSS statistical software. Results:A total of 368 question-naires were delivered to the dental students,326 parts were taken back with participation rate of 88. 6%. There were 142 students in Grade one,55 males and 87 females,mean age of 18. 77 years. There were 184 students in Grade four and five,51 males and 133 female,mean age of 22. 79 years. The first ranking of study motivation in dental student was help others to im-prove oral health(3. 49%),higher income(3. 38%)showed in the second place. Personal interests and others advices were also important impact factors for students learning. From professional preference questionnaire results,orthodontic(6. 92%), prosthodontics(6. 44) and implantology(6. 16%),mucosal disease(3. 29%) and professional children’ s dental disease (4. 14%)were not popular. Career choice sequence showed in public hospitals(6. 49%),postgraduate study(6. 41%),pri-vate hospitals and dental clinic ( 6. 15%) , practitioner ( 5. 66%) and clinic partners ( 5. 10%) , scientific research in dental field(4. 46%),oral public health institutions(4. 39%),the primary health care community(3. 57%),non-dental related work(1. 84%). Conclusion:Dental students show devotion on their profession,study motives mainly cames from altruism, high income and personal interests. Orthodontics,implantology and prosthodontics are dental students’ favor majors. Although public hospitals are still the students first career choice,private dental organizations are not rejected.