伴有被害妄想的精神分裂症患者症状归因风格研究

目的:探讨伴有被害妄想的精神分裂症患者症状归因风格及其相关影响因素。方法:采用精神分裂症症状归因问卷(SAQS)和简明精神病评定量表评估136例伴有被害妄想的精神分裂症患者(病例组),并与132名正常人(正常对照组)进行分析比较。结果:两组SAQS问卷中内在-外在、局部-整体和可控-不可控归因维度的组别效应显著(F=49.14,F=49.01,F=36.88;P均=0.00)。多元回归分析显示,患者内在-外在维度得分受首发年龄、病程、敌对性因子和宗教因素的影响(β=-0.205、-0.189、-0.556、-0.170;P0.001或P0.05);暂时-持久维度得分受住院次数、焦虑忧郁因子分和迟滞因子分的影响明显(β=0.313、0.342、-0.266;P0.05);局部-整体维度得分受敌对性因子分影响较大(β=0.227,P0.05)。结论:与正常人相比,伴有被害妄想的精神分裂症患者症状归因特点趋于外在的、整体的和不可控的归因风格,且可能会随某些因素的变化而发生改变。

The study of attributional styles on symptoms in schizophrenia patients with persecutory delusion

Objective:To investigate attributional styles on symptoms and the possible influential factors in schizophrenia patients with persecutory delusion. Method:The study chose 136 schizophrenia patients with persecutory delusion( a group of patients )and 132 normal people( a group of normal controls )who were as-sessed with the symptom attribution questionnaire for schizophrenia(SAQS)and brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS). Results:The two groups differed significantly on internal-external,local-global and controllable-un-controllable dimensions(F = 49. 14,F = 49. 01,F = 36. 88;P = 0. 00). The results of multiple regression analy-sis indicated that the age at first onset,courses of the disease,the score of hostility factor and the religion im-pacted significantly on the score of internal-external dimension(their standardized linear regression coefficients were - 0. 205,- 0. 189,- 0. 556 and - 0. 170 respectively,P < 0. 001 or P < 0. 05);times of hospitalization, the score of anxiety and melancholia factor and the score of sluggish factor affected the score of stable-unstable dimension significantly(their standardized linear regression coefficients were 0. 313,0. 342 and - 0. 266 re-spectively,P < 0. 05). The score of hostility factor may impact significantly on the score of local-global dimen-sion(its standardized linear regression coefficient was 0. 277,P < 0. 05). Conclusion:Schizophrenic patients with persecutory delusion tend to present an internal,global and uncontrollable attributional style on symptoms, but the style of those patients will change with the influence of some factors.