Proposal on the extent of lymph node dissection for gallbladder carcinoma.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To evaluate the value of performing extended regional lymph node dissection for gallbladder carcinoma, the mode of recurrence after curative resection was analyzed. METHODOLOGY: Records of 45 patients who underwent surgical resection for gallbladder carcinoma from 1973 to August 1997 were reviewed. RESULTS: Thirty-three cases underwent a curative resection and 12 received a non-curative resection. Among the 32 patients who survived the curative resection, cancer recurred in 7 with lymph node metastasis, whereas recurrence was found in only 1 of the remaining 25 patients without lymph node metastasis (p < 0.0001). At the 1st diagnosis of recurrence in these 8 patients, lymph node recurrence was detected in 7, and the site of recurrence was limited to the lymph nodes, which were confined to the peripancreatic region and the interaortocaval nodes near the left renal vein in 4 cases. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the site of the metastatic lymph nodes and the lymphatic drainage system of the gallbladder, it was considered that lymph node dissection was inadequate in 5 of the 8 patients and that 2 might have been cured by extended regional lymph node dissection, including complete resection of the retroportal, posterior pancreatoduodenal, right celiac and interaortocaval nodes.