住院患儿家长焦虑情绪影响因素分析

目的探讨住院患儿家长焦虑情绪变化的影响因素,分析患儿病情、家庭状况、社会支持等因素与家长焦虑情绪的关系。方法采用焦虑、简易应对方式、社会支持及家庭环境评定等量表,对住院患儿家长进行问卷调查,应用SPSS 11.0软件分析家长焦虑情绪的影响因素。结果女性、无职业、低经济收入的家长焦虑情绪体验高(t=2.924、3.322和7.088,P均<0.01),且城市和城郊各有特点。多因素分析显示,不良客观支持(β=-0.246,P=0.006)、较差家庭经济状况(β=-0.179,P=0.040)和家庭亲密度低(β=-0.165,P=0.046)是城市家长焦虑情绪的促发因素,家庭亲密度低(β=-0.471,P<0.001)和可利用社会资源多(β=0.251,P=0.011)是城郊家长的焦虑情绪促发因素。结论家庭亲密度是城市和城郊家长焦虑情绪发生的共同影响因素;可利用社会资源多是城郊家长焦虑情绪另一促发因素;良好的客观支持,较好的家庭经济状况有助于减少城市家长焦虑情绪的发生。

Analysis on Anxious Emotion and Its Influencing Factors of Parents of Hospitalized Children

Objective To explore anxious emotion and its influencing factors of the urban and suburban parents of hospitalized children,and know about the relationship between anxious emotion of parents and children’s disease,family environment,social support,etc.Methods Using a series of questionnaires such as general questionnaire,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Social Support Assessment Scale(SSAS),Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) to assess the parents of hospitalized children.SPSS was used to analyze the influencing factors of parents’ anxious emotion.Results Parents who were female,unemployed,lower income scored high in anxiety(t=2.924,P=0.004;t=3.322,P=0.001;t=7.088,P=0.001),and these characters were not different between urban and suburban parents.the anxiety of urban parents of hospitalized children would be increased with bad objective social support(β=-0.246,P=0.006),low income(β=-0.179,P=0.040) and intimacy in the family(β=-0.165,P=0.046).For the suburban parents,their anxious emotion would be affected by intimacy in the family(β=-0.471,P<0.001)and plenty of available social resources(β=0.251,P=0.011).Conclusion Intimacy is an influencing factor of anxious emotion for urban and suburban parents of hospitalized children.Plenty of available social resources may precipitate the suburban parents’ bad emotion.Favorable social support and good family economic status can decrease the urban parents’ anxious emotion.