青少年女性关注瘦身减肥对身体意象的影响

目的探讨青少年女性关注瘦身减肥对其身体意象的影响。方法采用最优分配分层整群随机抽样方法抽取大学6所、普通高中1所、普通中专1所、成人中专2所、职业高中1所、初中3所,共1378名女性大、中学生,采用一般情况调查表及BMI体象量表(BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test,BMI-SMT)进行现场调查。结果对瘦身减肥媒体宣传非常关注者133例(9.65%),一般关注904例(65.60%),从不关注341例(24.75%)。关注程度不同的各组BMI体象量表各因子均分比较:对实际体型的选择:非常关注组>一般关注组>从不关注组,3组差异有统计学意义(F=31.637,P<0.001);理想体型:非常关注组<一般关注组<从不关注组,3组差异有统计学意义(F=3.917,P=0.020);认识偏差:非常关注组>一般关注组>从不关注组,3组差异有统计学意义(F=12.995,P<0.001);期望偏差:非常关注组>一般关注组>从不关注组,3组差异有统计学意义(F=53.701,P<0.001)。结论媒体宣传可以影响女性青少年对瘦身减肥的认识,过度关注瘦身减肥可作为青少年女性身体意象障碍的预测因素。

The Effect of Adolescent Concerning about Weight-loss Diet on Body Image

Objective To explore the effect of adolescent concerning about weight-loss diet on body image.Methods A total of 1378 female adolescent students were recruited from 3 primary schools,5 high schools and 6 universities by optimal allocation of stratified random sampling.All students were assessed by the general questionnaire and BMI Body Image Scale(BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test,BMI-SMT) on-site investigation.Results There were 133 patients(9.65%) concerned about weight-loss diet exceedingly,904(65.60%) concerned about it generally,and 341 cases(24.75%) never concerned about it.The different levels of BMI in each group:the actual figure choice:very concerned group > general concerned group> never concerned group,there were significant differences among three groups(F=31.637,P<0.001);the ideal figure:very concerned group general concerned group> never concerned group,there were significant differences among three groups(F=12.995,P<0.001);expected deviation:very concerned group> general concerned group> never concerned group,here were significant statistic differences among three groups(F=53.701,P<0.001).Conclusion The media can influence female adolescent understanding of weight-loss diet,excessive concern about lose weight may be a used predictor of body image disturbance.