农村留守初中生心理健康状况影响因素研究:生活事件

目的 探讨农村留守与非留守初中生面临的生活事件的差别以及留守初中生生活事件与心理健康状况的关系.方法 采用一般资料调查表、青少年生活事件量表和中国中学生心理健康量表对湖南省五个县(市)5个乡(镇)中学2406名初中生进行调查.结果 农村初中生面临的生活事件主要来自学习压力和人际关系因子,留守初中生生活事件总分和各因子得分高于非留守初中生,除丧失因子[(5.13±2.56)分vs(4.94±2.33)分,P=0.095]外,2组生活事件总分[(49.22±13.25)分vs(46.42±12.67)分,P=0.000]、人际关系[(10.28±3.74)分vs(9.86±3.49)分,P=0.009]、学习压力[(11.52±3.66)分vs(11.03±3.66)分,P=0.014)、受惩罚[(11.84±4.47)分vs(11.28±4.12)分,P=0.005]、健康适用[(6.18±2.19)分vs(5.36±1.82)分,P=0.000]、其他[(6.12±2.26)分vs(5.73±2.09)分,P=0.000]得分差异有显著性;留守初中生心理健康状况得分非留守儿童[(2.18±0.56)分vs(2.07±0.57)分,P=0.000]差别有显著性;留守初中生心理状况与人际关系因子(r=0.437)、学习压力因子(r=0.373)、受惩罚因子(r=0.345)、丧失因子r=0.199)、健康适应因子(r=0.338)、其他(r=0.380)及生活事件总分(r=0.485)都达到了极其显著相关的水平(P<0.001),其中人际关系(β=0.229)、学习压力(β=0.177)、健康适应(β=0.152)和其他(β=0.117)进入多元线性回归方程,可以解释其变异的26.4%.结论 与非留守初中生相比,留守初中生发生负性生活事件的频率更高,生活事件产生的负面影响也更大.

Influential factors on mental health of rural left-behind junior middle school students: life events

Objective To find out the differences between left-behind and non left-behind junior middle school students (JMSS) on life events.Methods 2406 JMSS in rural areas were assessed in Hunan,using self-designed Demographic Data Recording Form ,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List and Scale of Mental Health for Chinese Middle-school Student.Results Stress from studying and interpersonal relationship were the major life events for rural JMSS,scores of the total score and all the factors of life event for left-behind JMSS were higher than non-left-behind JMSS' ;with the exception of the loss factor (5.13±2.56 vs 4.94±2.33,P=0.095),the difference on the total score of life events (49.22±13.25 vs 46.42±12.67,P=0.000),relation-ships(10.28±3.74 vs 9.86±3.49,P=0.009) ,learning pressure(11.52±3.66 vs 11.03±3.66,P=0.014),being published (11.84±4.47 vs 11.28±4.12,P=0.005),health adaption (6.18±2.19 vs 5.36±1.82,P=0.000)and other factor(6.12±2.26 vs 5.73±2.09,P=0.000) were significant;Scores of mental health for left-behind JMSS were higher than non left-behind JMSS,the difference was significant(2.18±0.56 vs 2.07±0.57,P=0.000);scores of international relationships (r=0.437) ,learning pressure (r=0.373),being published (r=0.345),less(r=0.199),health adaption(r=0.338),other factors(r=0.380) were significantly correlated with mental health of left-behind JMSS,relationships(β=0.229),learning pressure(β=0.177),health adap-tion (β=0.152) and other factor(β=0.117) entered the multiple linear regression equation,which can ex-plained 26.4% of the changes on mental health of left-behind JMSS.Conclusion Compared with the non-left-be-hind JMSS,the negative life events of left-behind JMSS were more frequently,with greater negative impact,lesse-ning the occurrence of negative life events in life of left-behind JMSS was one of the effective way to develop their mental health.