胸腔镜下胸腰段疾病的前路手术及内固定

目的回顾胸腔镜下前路减压、植骨内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折、结核和椎间盘突出症的经验,评价胸腔镜技术在脊柱前路手术中的应用价值。方法收集12例接受胸腔镜下前路手术患者的临床资料,分析操作技术、手术时间、出血量以及功能恢复情况。结果胸腰椎骨折8例;结核3例;椎间盘突出症l例。平均手术时间210min,平均出血量600ml,平均住院时间12d。1例结核患者因严重骨质疏松而放弃内固定,仅作病灶清除植骨术。所有患者随访3—10个月,神经功能恢复与普通开胸前路手术近似,骨折复位良好,植骨块和内固定未发现移位,活动基本恢复正常。结论胸腔镜下脊柱前路手术创伤小,并发症及出血量少,术后恢复快,为胸腰椎前路手术提供了一种安全、有效的操作技术。

Thoracoscopic anterior approach decompression and reconstruction for thoracolumbar spine diseases

Objective To review our experience of anterior thoracoscopic decompression and reconstruction in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures, tuberculosis and herniated disks, and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of such procedures. Methods Twelve patients who underwent thoracoscopic decompression and reconstruction of the spine since June 2003 have been reviewed retrospectively. Results There were 8 male and 4 female patients, with a median age of 48.4 years (range 32 to 74 years) with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures (8 patients) , tuberculosis(3 patients) and herniated disks(1 patient). The average time for the thoracoscopy was 210 minutes (range 180 to 260 minutes). Blood loss averaged 600 ml (range 300 to 800 ml), and the median length of hospital stay was 12 days (range 7 to 18 days). One patient had to give up internal fixation because of severe osteoporosis. All patients were followed up at least 3 months. No severe postoperative complications occurred. No shift of the bone graft and internal fixator. Recovery of neural function was almost the same as open procedures. Conclusion Thoracoscopic anterior procedures can be used safely and effectively in the treatment of thoracolumbar spine diseases. This minimally invasive approach might decrease procedure-related trauma, operative time, blood loss, and length of hospitalization and may also alleviate postthoracotomy pain.