河北省肾综合征出血热宿主动物监测分析

目的分析河北省肾综合征出血热（HFRS）宿主动物流行特征，为肾综合征出血热的防制提供科学依据。方法鼠密度监测采用常规夹夜法；将鼠肺冷冻切片，采用免疫荧光法检测鼠肺病毒抗原。结果居民区鼠密度为1．85％，带毒率为3．33％，鼠种构成为褐家鼠、小家鼠、小仓鼠和大仓鼠，褐家鼠带毒率最高为3．35％；野外鼠密度为1．13％，带毒率为2．44％，鼠种构成为褐家鼠、小家鼠、黑线姬鼠、大仓鼠、田鼠、大林姬鼠、小仓鼠和社鼠，黑线姬鼠带毒率最高为6．67％。不同区域鼠类群落结构为褐家鼠均有分布，且为优势鼠种；小家鼠和大仓鼠分布于9个市，构成比位居第2位；小仓鼠、黑线姬鼠和田鼠分布区域较少；社鼠和大林姬鼠仅分布在河北省北部承德山区。结论褐家鼠是河北省肾综合征出血热主要的宿主动物和传染源。应对该鼠种有针对性地制定综合防治措施，以控制肾综合征出血热的流行。

Analysis praincial on surveillance of host animals of HFRS in Hebei province

Objective By analysing the epidemic characteristics of host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Hebei province to provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control.Methods Rat density was investigated by trap-night method and immunofluorescence technique was used to detect the pulmonary virus antigen of the rats.Results At populated area the rat density was 1.85%,and the hantavirus-carrying rate was 3.33%,the community of the rats was Rattus norvegicus,Mus musculus,little Cricetulus triton and Cricetulus triton.Rattus norvegicus had the highest hantavirus-carrying rate that was 3.35% among these rats;In open country the rat density was 1.13%,and the hantavirus carrying rate was 2.44%.The community of the rats was Rattius norvegocis.Mus,musculus,Apodemus agrarius,Cricetulus trion,Microtus forrtis,Apodemus peninsulae,little Cricetulus triton and Rattus confucianus,Apodemus agrarius had the highest hantavirus-carrying rate that was 6.67% among these rats.Rattus norvegicus distributied in different communities of the rats and different districts,and it was the dominant species.The next ones were the Mus musculus and Cricetulus triton,distributed in 9 cities,constituent ratio was at the second position.The others,including little Cricetulus triton,Apodemus agrarius and Microtus fortis,distributed in few districts.Rattus confucianus and Apodemus peninsulae were captured only in the mountain area of Chengde located in the north of Hebei province.Conclusion Rattus norvegicus was the main host amimals and infection sources in Hebei province,which takes an important role in transmitting HFRS.Therefore,we should take composite prevention and control measures aiming directly at community of the rat,to control the epidemic of HFRS.