23例小儿高血压脑病病因分析

目的探讨住院儿童高血压脑病的病因和诊断流程。方法回顾性总结13年来本院儿科高血压脑病临床资料和诊断方法。结果 8例为急性肾小球性肾炎,4例为狼疮性肾炎,4例为慢性肾炎肾功能不全,单侧肾动脉狭窄2例,嗜铬细胞瘤2例,多发性大动脉炎1例,2例为甲基泼尼松冲击治疗过程中发生。结论体检中常规测血压是避免儿童高血压脑病漏诊和误诊的关键,肾性高血压是小儿高血压脑病最常见的病因。

Etiological analysis of 23 children with hypertensive encephalopathy

Objective To discuss the etiology and diagnostic process of children with hypertensive encephalopathy.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical and diagnostic data of children with hypertensive encephalopathy in pediatric department of our hospital in the past 13 years.Results Etiology included 8 cases of acute glomerulonephritis,4 cases of lupus nephritis,4 cases of chronic nephritis with renal insufficiency,2 cases of unilateral renal artery stenosis,2 cases of pheochromocytoma,1 case of polyarteritis and 2 cases occurred during Methyllprednisolone impulsive therapy.Conclusion Measuring blood pressure routinely in medical examination is the key of avoiding misdiagnosed hypertensive encephalopathy in children.Renal hypertension is the most common etiologies of hypertensive encephalophy in children.