Exposure to fluconazole and risk of congenital malformations in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;2. Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada;3. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA;4. Terafar-Izmir Katip Celebi University Teratology Information, Training and Research Center, Izmir, Turkey;1. Ashland, OH, United States;2. WIL Research Laboratories, Ashland, OH, United States;3. Biologics Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA, United States;4. SNBL USA, Everett, WA, United States;5. Exponent, Inc., Alexandria, VA, United States;6. Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States;1. Unidad de Infectología, Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) affects up to 75% of women at least once during their lifetime, mostly during the reproductive age, and recurrence rate is about 50%. Because half of all pregnancies are unplanned and pregnant women have an increased risk of VVC recurrence, the likelihood of inadvertently being exposed to fluconazole in pregnancy is increased. Thus, we aimed to examine the risk of congenital malformations in the offspring of women exposed to fluconazole in the first trimester of pregnancy. The rate for overall malformations was 1.10 (95% CI 0.98–1.25), for heart defect was 1.29 (95% CI 1.05–1.58), for craniofacial defects was 1.25 (95% CI 0.88–1.77), and for limb/musculoskeletal defects was 0.82 (95% CI 0.59–1.13). In conclusion, the use of fluconazole in the first trimester does not appear to increase the overall risk for congennital malformations. More studies are needed to address the potential increased rate of heart defects. |
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| Keywords: | Fluconazole Infants Pregnancy Teratogenicity Cardiovascular defects CI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kw0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" confidence interval OR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kw0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" odd ratio VVC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kw0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" Vulvovaginal candidiasis |
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