上海市浦东新区社区居民高血压现况调查及危险因素分析

[目的]了解上海市浦东新区社区居民高血压患病现况及主要危险因素。[方法]采用多阶段随机抽样方法,从上海市浦东新区随机抽取15~80岁的社区居民5 927人,进行一般状况、生活方式及行为、家族史现况调查和体格检查,采用SAS软件进行数据分析。[结果]调查对象高血压患病率为31.3%,全国人口和世界人口年龄标化患病率分别为19.8%和19.1%,男女性高血压患病率均随年龄增加而上升;控制年龄后,男女性患病率无统计学差异(2χ=0.79,P=0.38),市郊人群患病率高于城区(2χ=5.14,P=0.02);有高血压家族史的人群高血压患病率高于无高血压家族史者(2χ=142.8,P0.0001);高血压患者酱油、食盐和味精的摄入量及体质指数、腰臀比和腰围均显著高于无高血压者;这些因素中,年龄、居住地、家族史和肥胖与高血压有显著关联。[结论]上海市浦东新区社区居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,年龄、居住地、家族史和肥胖可能是浦东新区居民高血压的危险因素。加强健康教育,倡导健康的生活方式,普及高血压知识,是控制和预防高血压的重要措施。

Hypertension among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai: Its status quo investigation and risk factor analysis

[Objective] To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in residents of Pudong New Area of Shanghai. [Methods] A total of 5927 residents at age 15-80 were randomly selected from Pudong New Area of Shanghai through multistage sampling.All participants were interviewed between April and July of 2008 for collection of data on personal information,diagnosis of hypertension,lifestyle and behavior factors,as well as family history of hypertension.Measurements of body height,weight,circumference...