妇科肿瘤患者抗凝药物预防静脉血栓栓塞的现况特点及合理性分析

目的 了解妇科恶性肿瘤使用抗凝药物预防静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）发生的现况特点，评价抗凝药物的用药合理性。方法 采用随机抽样的方法，选取2016 年1 月1 日-2016 年12 月31 日某三甲综合医院及某肿瘤专科医院收治的妇科恶性肿瘤住院患者1168 例次，进行回顾性调查分析。结果 该调查的1 168 份病历中，预防性使用抗凝药物的病历共185 份，总预防用药率为15.84%（185/1168）。VTE 高危妇科恶性肿瘤住院患者预防性抗凝用药率低，仅为32.32%。对使用抗凝药物防治VTE 的193 份病历进行评价，不合理用药病例数占69.43%（134/193），主要为用药疗程不适宜。结论 妇科恶性肿瘤患者中使用抗凝药物预防VTE 所占比例较低，并存在不合理使用现象。对VTE 高危的妇科恶性肿瘤患者，应积极采取预防性抗凝措施。

Characteristics and rationality of anticoagulant drugs in preventionof venous thromboembolism in gynecological cancer patients

Objective To discover the characteristics and rationality of anticoagulant drugs in preventionof venous thromboembolism ingynecological cancer patients Methods A retrospective analysis of 1,168 cases ofgynecologic malignant tumor hospitalized from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016 was made with randomsampling method. Results A total of 185 cases preventively used anticoagulant drugs, the total prevention rate was15.84% (185/1,168). The rate of prophylactic anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with gynecological malignancieswho had high risk of venous thromboembolism was relatively low, only 32.32%. Totally 193 medical records ofanticoagulant drugs for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism were evaluated. The number ofirrational drug use accounted for 69.43% (134/193), mainly for course of treatment was not appropriate. ConclusionsThe proportion of anticoagulant drugs used to prevent venous thromboembolism in patients with gynecologicmalignancies is low, and there is unreasonable use in some cases. It should take some preventive anticoagulationmeasures positively for patients with gynecological malignancies who have high risk of venous thromboembolism.