胃肠间质瘤诊断和治疗进展

近年来,随着新研究证据的出现,胃肠间质瘤(GISTs)领域的国内外指南随之作出更新,从GISTs诊断、生物学行为、手术治疗到靶向药物治疗,几乎涵盖了GISTs管理的每个环节。尤其自2020年以来,美国国立综合癌症网络(NCCN)首次将GISTs相关内容从《软组织肉瘤临床实践指南》中独立出来形成2021 V.1版本,中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)也将往年的《中国胃肠道间质瘤诊断治疗专家共识》升级为《胃肠间质瘤诊疗指南》2020版和2021版,由此开启了循证医学证据指导下更加规范、精准的GISTs诊疗新模式。新型靶向药物阿伐替尼和瑞派替尼的上市,有望摆脱转移性GISTs的耐药治疗困境,充实后线治疗阵营,为外科干预提供更多机会,进而为晚期GISTs患者带来生存获益。

Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

In recent years, with the emergence of new research evidence, the domestic and foreign guidelines in the field of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have been updated. The adjusted contents cover almost every link of GISTs management, from GISTs diagnosis, biological behavior, surgical treatment to targeted drug treatment. Since 2020, the NCCN of the United States has separated the contents related to GISTs from the clinical practice guide for soft tissue sarcoma for the first time to form 2021 V.1 versions. The CSCO has also adjusted and upgraded the previous consensus of Chinese experts on the diagnosis and treatment of GISTs to 2020 and 2021 versions of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of GISTs. This opens a new model of accurate diagnosis and treatment of GISTs under the guidance of evidence-based medicine. The listing of new targeted drugs afatinib and ripretinib is expected to get rid of the drug-resistant treatment dilemma of metastatic GISTs, enrich the back-line treatment camp, provide more opportunities for surgical intervention, and then bring survival benefits to patients with advanced GISTs.