化疗前应用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子预防白细胞减少

 【摘要】　目的　观察重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）预防化疗后中性粒细胞减少症的有效性和安全性。方法　采用随机对照方法，初治恶性肿瘤患者接受1个周期的化疗，其中治疗组化疗前24 h给予rhG-CSF 150 μg皮下注射1次，对照组不给予rhG-CSF。结果　入组52例肿瘤患者，分为治疗组和对照组各26例，WBC＜4.0×109／L的发生率分别为19.23 %和53.85 %（P＜0.05），白细胞减少发生率Ⅰ度分别为7.69 %和19.23 %，Ⅱ度7.69 %和15.39 %，Ⅲ度3.85 %和1.54 %，Ⅳ度0和7.69 %； 持续时间分别为1.27 d和4.04 d（P＜0.05）；抗生素使用率分别为7.69 %和26.92 %（P＜0.05）；发热性中性粒细胞减少发生率分别为3.85 %和26.92 %（P＜0.05）。rhG-CSF的毒副作用主要为骨骼肌肉疼痛、乏力、头晕等。结论　化疗前应用rhG-CSF能有效控制肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少的发生，降低肿瘤化疗后白细胞减少的程度。

A clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on prevention of leukopenia caused by chemotherapy

【Abstract】　Objective　To observe the preventive value of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in cancer patients after chemotherapy. Methods　In the open study, enrolled 52 patients with previously untreated cancer and with normal bone marrow function were randomly divided into 2 matched groups, A and B group. Each patient received one cycle of chemotherapy. In the study cycle, the pa－tients received a single subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF 150 μg before 24 hours of chemotherapy and in control cycle the patients only received chemotherapy. Efficacy and safety parameters were monitored. Results　The incidence rates of leukopenia in the 26 valuable study cycles and 26 valuable control cycles were 19.23 % and 53.85 %, There were significant lower than those of group B (P <0.05). The incidence rates of grade 1 leukopenia were 7.69 % and 19.23 %; and those of grade 2 leukopenia were 7.69 % and 15.39 %; and those of grade 3 leukopenia were 3.85 % and 11.54 %; and those of grade 4 leukopenia were 0 and 7.69 % respectively. There were significant lower than those of group B (P <0.05), with the duration of 1.27 days and 4.04 days respectively. The patients experienced febrile neutropenia were 3.85 % and 26.92 % re－spectively. Conclusion　rhG-CSF can decrease the content of WBC, shorten the duration of leukopenia and promote the recovery of leucopenia. It is a valuable agent for prevention chemotherapy-induced leukopenia.