临床分离病原菌及耐药谱变迁分析

目的 了解8年来医院临床分离病原菌构成及耐药性的变化并作出趋势分析。方法对1997-2004年住院患者临床标本分离出的5746株病原菌及耐药情况进行统计分析。结果 临床分离的病原菌以革兰阴性（Gˉ）杆菌为主，革兰阳性（G^＋）球菌检出率呈上升趋势，真菌检出率明显逐年增加G^＋球菌、Gˉ杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药，对氨苄西林普遍耐药率高;G^＋球菌对万古霉素敏感率高，大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南敏感率高。结论 医院感染病原菌构成及耐药谱在不断发生变化，临床应注重细菌耐药性监测，合理选用抗菌药物。

Vicissitudes of Clinically Isolated Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Drug Resistance Pattern

OBJECTIVE To comprehend the changes in the spectrum of clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance, and to analyze their tendency. METHODS Totally 5746 pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples of the inpatients in our hospital during 1997-2004 and their drug resistance was statistically analyzed. RESULTS Most of clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria were Gram-negative. The detected rate of Gram-positive bacteria tended to rise, while the detected rate of fungi obviously increased year after year. Grampositive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to commonly used antibacterials in different degrees, especially to ampicillin. The sensitive rate of Gram-positive bacteria was high to vancomycin, while the sensitive rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem were high. CONCLUSIONS The structure of nosocomial infection pathogens and their drug resistance patterns are changing continuously. It should be emphasized to inspect bacterial tolerance in order to select antibacterial reasonably.