HIV-1感染者中HCV混合感染情况分析

目的：调查我国不同地区、通过不同传播途径感染人类获得性免疫缺陷病毒I型（HIV－1）患中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的流行情况及不同亚型的分布。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测抗－HIV－1并以蛋白印迹试验（Western blot,WB)进行确认。采用DNA分支放大（bDNA)技术检测HIV－1病毒载量，采用荧光抗体流式细胞检测技术（FACs)作CD4和CD8细胞计数。抗－HCV检测采用ELISA方法。HCV基因亚型的测定采用实时（real-time)聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法。结果：共检测了239例HIV－1感染，抗－HCV阳性率为56．9％（136／239），其中经不同传播途径感染HCV的阳性率分别为：静脉注毒：42．7％（58／136）；经血液：53．7％（73／136）；性接触途径：3．7％（5／36）。静脉注毒（云南和新疆）HCV感染以1，3，4亚型最多，而输血人群（河南省）感染的HCV以1，2亚型为主。结论：HIV－1感染中存在HCV混合感染，我国HCV基因亚型以1型为主。

Outbreak of HIV and HCV co-infection among intravenous drug users and illegal blood donors in China

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and subtypes of HIV-1 and HCV in different groups of HIV-1 infected patients in China. Methods:HIV infection was detected using ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. HIV-1 viral load was measured by branched-DNA (bDNA) method. CD4 and CD8 cells count was measured by FACS. Anti-HCV was detected by ELISA method, and HCV genotypes were tested using real time PCR. Results:Of 239 HIV-1 infected patients, 56.9% (136/239) were HCV antibody positive. The majority of HCV co-infection is associated with intravenous drug using (42.7%) and illegal blood donation (53.7%). HCV co-infection through sexual contact, however, is approximately 3.7%. Genetic characterization of the viral sequences indicates that the illegal blood donors in Henan carry HIV-1 subtype B and HCV genotypes 1 and 2, whereas those intravenous drug users in Xinjiang and Yunnan carry HIV-1 subtype C and HCV genotypes 1, 3, and 4. Conclusions: Our findings show that the situation of HIV-1 and HCV co-infection in China is serious. HCV genotype 1 is the dominant subtype in China.