早期颈部静力性运动对颈椎融合术后患者轴性症状的影响

目的 探讨早期颈部静力性运动对改善颈椎融合术后患者轴性症状的效果。 方法 将2017年4~8月入院的120例患者作为对照组接受常规护理，2017年9月至2018年1月入院的120例为观察组，在常规护理的基础上增加早期颈部静力性运动。对两组术后第1、3、5天及术后3个月随访时颈部不适度、颈部活动度、Barthel指数评分以及轴性症状发生率进行统计分析。结果 观察组术后第1、3、5天颈部不适评分显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）；术后第1、3、5天，观察组颈部前屈、后伸、左右侧侧屈的活动度显著大于对照组（P＜0.05,P<0.01）；观察组术后第3、5天Barthel指数评分显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（均P<0.01）；随访3个月，观察组轴性症状发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 早期颈部静力性运动可改善颈椎融合术后患者的颈部不适，增加颈部活动度，促进其生活自理能力的恢复，减少轴性症状的发生。

Effect of early cervical static exercise on axial symptoms in patients after cervical fusion surgery

Objective To examine the effect of early cervical static exercise on postoperative axial symptoms in patients after cervical fusion surgery. Methods A total of 120 patients admitted to the hospital from April to August 2017 were seen as the control group, who received routine care, and another 120 patients admitted to the hospital from September to February 2017 in January 2017 were assigned into the intervention group, who additionally received early cervical static exercise. The neck discomfort scores, cervical range of motion (ROM), Barthel index scores, were measured on the 1st, 3rd, 5th postoperative days, as well as the 3rd postoperative month; incidence rates of axial symptoms were compared on the 3rd postoperative month. Results The neck discomfort scores on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th postoperative days were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05 for all). On the 1st, 3rd, and 5th postoperative days, ROM of cervical flexion, extension and lateral flexion in the intervention group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The Barthel index scores on the 3rd and 5th postoperative days were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.01 for both). The incidence rate of axial symptoms in the intervention group on the 3rd postoperative month was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early cervical static exercise can improve neck discomfort of patients after cervical fusion surgery, enhance cervical ROM, promote the recovery of self-care ability, and reduce the occurrence of axial symptoms.