对重症监护治疗病房使用不同医院感染监测方法的评价

对本院重症监护治疗病房（ICU）1997年1月至2008年8月人住48h以上的4060例患者分别进行医院感染的回顾性调查及目标性监测。结果目标性监测得到医院感染率为30．77％（489／1589），与回顾性调查的医院感染率35．25％（871／2471）比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=8．6930，P〈0．01），两种监测方法获得的感染例次率比较差异无统计学意义（47．67％比45．25％，χ2=2．2836，P〉0．05）。目标性监测后泛耐药不动杆菌的发生率较前增加。ICU实行医院感染目标性监测，使医院感染率明显下降，降低患者住院费用。

Monitoring of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit

The data on nosocomial infection of 4060 patients who were stayed in intensive care unit (ICU) more than 48 h from January 1997 to August 2008 were reviewed.From Jan 2004 the target monitoring of hospital-acquired infection was implemented in ICU.The nosocomial infection rates before and after target monitoring were 35.25% (871/2471) and 30.77% (489/1589) respectively (P ＜ 0.01);however there was no significant difference in case infection rate before and after target monitor were practiced (47.67% vs.45.25%,χ~2 = 2.2836,P ＞0.05).The incidence of Acinetobacter infection was increased after target monitoring.Targeted monitoring can decrease the nosocomial infection rate in ICU,and also reduce the cost of medical care.