Effects of organophosphorus compounds, O,O-dimethyl O-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)phosphate (DDVP) and O,O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl 4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate (fenitrothion), on brain acetylcholine content and acetylcholinesterase activity in Japanese quail |
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Authors: | Haruo Kobayashi Akira Yuyama Masanori Kudo Naonori Matsusaka |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Japan;2. Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, 020, Japan;3. Kaken Yaku-Kako Co., Ltd., Seta, Tsukinowa, Ohtsu, 520-21 Japan |
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Abstract: | Effects of 2 organophosphorus compounds, O,O-dimethyl O-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)phosphate (DDVP) and O,O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl 4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate (fenitrothion), on the brain cholinergic system were investigated in Japanese quail. Cholinergic signs, such as salivation and convulsions in legs and wings, were seen 7–15 min after administration with DDVP (3–4 mg/kg) or 6–120 min after administration with fenitrothion (250–350 mg/kg). In the DDVP-treated quail (10 min after dosage of 3 mg/kg), free acetylcholine (ACh), labile-bound ACh, increased significantly and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) decreased to 28% of the value determined in untreated quail. In the fenitrothion-treated group (60 min after dosage of 300 mg/kg), only free ACh increased and AChE activity decreased to 20% of the control value. In vitro, DDVP and fenitrothion inhibited AChE activity in brain homogenate with an I50 of 10?8 M and 10?5 M, respectively. It appeared that both organophosphorus compounds might have essentially the same effect on the brain cholinergic system. There were only small differences in the effect on various fractions of ACh between the 2 compounds, although there was a hundred-fold range in dose. |
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Keywords: | ACh acetylcholine AChE acetylcholinesterase ChE cholinesterase DDVP DFP diisopropyl fluorophosphate Diazinon Fenitrothion Paraoxon Address correspondence to: Haruo Kobayashi, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, 020, Japan. |
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