Broad spectrum antibiotics as short term prophylaxis for elective abdominal hysterectomy: comparison of mezlocillin, cefazolin and placebo

A prospective randomized placebo controlled double-blind study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of short term perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis on patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. Fifty-two patients received 3 doses of 0.5 g cefazolin, 54 patients received 3 doses of 1 g mezlocillin and 53 patients received placebo. Postoperative infectious morbidity and the rate of pelvic cellulitis were significantly lower in either antibiotic group in comparison to the placebo group, but neither drug proved to be superior in this respect. The fever index was significantly lower in the mezlocillin group in comparison to both cefazolin and placebo groups. It was thus concluded that antibiotic prophylaxis has a beneficial effect on patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy and both drugs--cefazolin and mezlocillin--seem to be equally effective.