重症监护病房感染菌株种类及药敏分析

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)患者感染菌株的分布特点及耐药情况,为临床选用抗菌药物治疗提供可靠依据.方法 分析2009年1月至2010年12月本院ICU患者送检的各类标本中分离出的病原菌和药物敏感试验结果.结果 2009年,分离出病原菌215株,病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占51.16%,革兰阳性球菌占26.05%,真菌占12.56%;超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检出率51.82%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率71.43%.2010年,分离出病原菌231株,病原菌仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占54.55%,革兰阳性球菌占25.97%,真菌占13.42%;超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检出率53.17%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率76.67%.差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 ICU感染以阴性杆菌感染为主,革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,对亚胺培南耐药率最低;革兰阳性球菌对阿齐霉素耐药率最高.

Analysis on pathogenic bacteria distribution and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit (ICU)

Objective To explore pathogenic bacteria distribution and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit （ICU） for the guidance of antibiotic clinical use of drug therapy. Methods From January 2009 - December 2010,the kinds of pathogens and results of susceptibility testing in patients of ICU were retrospectively reviewed. Results In 2009,215 pathogens were isolated, pathogenic Gram - negative bacilli were still dominated, accounted for 51.16% , Gram - positive cocci accounted for 26. 05% , fungi accounted for 12. 56% of the total composition; Ultra- extended -spectrum 3 -lactamases （ESBLs） had a detection rate of 51.82% ,methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） had a detection rate of 71.43%. In 2010,231 pathogens were isolated,pathogenic Gram- negative bacilli were still dominated, accounted for 54. 55%, Gram- positive cocci accounted for 25.97% ,fungi accounted for 13.42% of the total composition; Ultra- extended - -spectrum β -lactamases （ESBLs） had a detection rate of 53.17% , methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） had a detection rate of 76.67%, there were no significant differences（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Gram- negative bacilli were predominant in ICU patients, Gram -negative bacilli were the highest resistance to Ampicillin, whereas were the lowest resistance to Imipenem ; The gram - positive coccus were the highest resistance to Axithromycin,whereas were the lowest resistance to Vancomycin.