高强度聚焦超声联合低剂量放疗作为进展期前列腺癌内分泌治疗后补充治疗的有效性和安全性分析

本研究旨在评估高强度聚焦超声（high-intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU）联合（＋）低剂量外放疗（low—dose external beam radiotherapy,LRT）作为进展期前列腺癌内分泌治疗（hormonal therapy,HT）后补充治疗的有效性和安全性。我们定义的HIFU＋LRT是指采用HIFU治疗前列腺癌原发灶,取代前列腺及精囊区的缩野外放疗,而仅保留传统外放疗（conventional—dose external beam radiotherapy,CRT）中盆腔的四野照射。我们对进展期前列腺癌内分泌治疗后的120例患者进行了非随机的前瞻性对照研究,分别接受HIFU、CRT、HIFU＋LRT、和单纯HT治疗。CT／MRI影像学检查显示HIFU＋LRT治疗后原发肿瘤和盆腔淋巴结转移灶明显萎缩甚至消失。四组间的总体和疾病特异生存曲线（P=0．018和O．015）均存在显著差异。进一步行各组两两比较提示HIFU＋LRT组的长期疾病特异生存率高于其它3组,但HIFU＋LRT组与CRT组的差异无显著性。多因素COX比例风险模型证实HIFU＋LRT和CRT均单独和DSS相关（P=O．001和O．035）,对死亡风险有显著保护作用。与cRT比较,HIFU＋LRT能显著减少放疗相关的远期泌尿道及消化道II级或以上严重并发症的发生率。总而言之,进展期前列腺癌采用内分泌治疗后,进一步加强原发灶和区域淋巴结转移灶的治疗能有效提高患者的长期生存。作为替代常规剂量外放疗的选择之一,HIFU＋LRT显示了良好疗效和更高的安全性。

The feasibility and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with low-dose external beam radiotherapy as supplemental therapy for advanced prostate cancer following hormonal therapy

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with (+) low-dose external beam radiotherapy (LRT) as supplemental therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) following hormonal therapy (HT). Our definition of HIFU+LRT refers to treating primary tumour lesions with HIFU in place of reduced field boost irradiation to the prostate, while retaining four-field box irradiation to the pelvis in conventional-dose external beam radiotherapy (CRT). We performed a prospective, controlled and non-randomized study on 120 patients with advanced PCa after HT who received HIFU, CRT, HIFU+LRT and HT alone, respectively. CT/MR imaging showed the primary tumours and pelvic lymph node metastases visibly shrank or even disappeared after HIFU+LRT treatment. There were significant differences among four groups with regard to overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) curves (P = 0.018 and 0.015). Further comparison between each pair of groups suggested that the long-term DSS of the HIFU+LRT group was higher than those of the other three groups, but there was no significant difference between the HIFU+LRT group and the CRT group. Multivariable Cox's proportional hazard model showed that both HIFU+LRT and CRT were independently associated with DSS (P = 0.001 and 0.035) and had protective effects with regard to the risk of death. Compared with CRT, HIFU+LRT significantly decreased incidences of radiation-related late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity grade ≥ II. In conclusion, long-term survival of patients with advanced PCa benefited from strengthening local control of primary tumour and regional lymph node metastases after HT. As an alternative to CRT, HIFU+LRT showed good efficacy and better safety.