武汉市1150例学龄前儿童气质特点分析

目的：了解学龄前儿童气质变化特点，为制订武汉市儿童气质常模提供依据。方法：选取武汉市桥口和江岸两城区3所幼儿园中1150名符合条件学龄前儿童为调查对象；采用《3～7岁儿童气质测查问卷》和自制《学龄前儿童基本情况调查表》进行调查。结果：随年龄增长，儿童活动水平降低、节律性增强、注意分散度降低且更易于接近，气质朝积极方向发展；男童较女童活动水平高，节律性强、心境积极，反应阈高；合并麻烦型的构成比高于全国常模；男女童与常模的维度得分存在较多差异。结论：武汉市学龄前儿童气质呈现明显的性别与年龄规律，但与全国常模存在较多差异，应进一步寻找原因，必要时建立武汉市学龄前儿童气质常模。

Analysis of 1150 Preschool Children Temperament Characteristics in Wuhan City

Objective:To understand the characteristic of temperament of preschool children in Wuhan city. Methods:1150 preschool children from 3 kindergartens were included. All the children were measured by CPTS.Results:The research showed significant differences between age and gender in some temperament dimensions. with the growing of age,the elder had lower activity level, more regular biological rhythm, lower distractibility and became easier to approach. Temperament became more positive with age.Boys significantly differed from girls in the dimensions of activity level, rhythmicity, quality of mood and threshold of reaction. The proportion of combined difficult temperament (include S, I-D and D temperament types) was higher than that of norms.Conclusion:The development of Wuhan city's preschool children's temperament showed many differences from the norms.It is necessary to find out the reason,and establish the norm of preschool children temperament of Wuhan city.