端粒酶活性检测在膀胱肿瘤早期诊断中的应用

目的：探讨检测端粒酶活性在膀胱癌早期诊断中的临床意义。方法：采用TRAP-PCR-ELISA法检测32例膀胱癌患者尿液和膀胱冲洗液中脱落细胞、膀胱癌组织、20例正常膀胱组织及14例非膀胱肿瘤患者尿液脱落细胞中端粒酶活性，并行尿脱落细胞学检查。结果：32例膀胱癌患者尿液脱落细胞、膀胱冲洗液脱落细胞、膀胱癌组织中端粒酶活性阳性率分别为65．6％（21／32）、71．9％（23／32）和84．0％（27／32），20例正常膀胱组织端粒酶活性均为阴性，14例非膀胱肿瘤患者尿液中1例端粒酶活性阳性。端粒酶活性阳性表达与肿瘤的分级、分期之间差异无明显相关性（P〉0．05），敏感性明显高于脱落细胞病理学检查。结论：尿液、膀胱冲洗液脱落细胞端粒酶活性测定敏感性较高．可用于膀胱癌的早期诊断。

Detection of Telomerase Activation for the Early Diagnosis of Bladder Carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the Clinical significance in detection of telomerase activation for the early diagnosis of bladder carcinoma. Methods: TRAP-PCR-ELISA assay was conducted for the presence of telomerase activity in voided urine, bladder washings-exfoliated cells, tissue of bladder cancer and, 20 cases of normal bladder tissue, with 14 cases of non-bladder tumor as control. The urinary exfoliative cytology was conducted. Results: Telomerase activation was detected in voided urine, exfoliated cells and tissue of bladder cancer of the 32 cases. And positive expression rate was 65.6%, 71.9% and 84.0%, respectively. The expression of telomerase activation was negative in 20 cases with normal bladder tissue. One of the 14 cases with non-bladder tumor was positive. The expression of telomerase activation wasn't related to the grades and phases of bladder carcinoma (P>0.05). Conclusions: The detection of telomerase activation is more sensitive and specific than other assays in bladder carcinoma, and would therefore be a good method of early diagnosis.