ICU护士职业压力与职业倦怠的相关性分析

目的:了解ICU护士职业压力、应对方式及职业倦怠现状,明确职业压力、应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性,为减轻ICU护士职业倦怠提供科学依据。方法:2013年10月1~30日对我院13个重症监护室的204名护士,采用护士工作压力源、简易应对方式、职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查。结果:护士工作压力总分为(2.36±0.42)分,其中工作量及时间分配是其护士最主要工作压力源(2.95±0.67)分。ICU护士积极应对方式(1.78±0.46)分,与全国常模无差异,消极应对方式(1.16±0.54)分,低于全国常模,ICU护士情感枯竭(26.60±10.23)分,个人成就感(26.20±9.78)分,去人格化维度(6.99±5.31)分。相关性分析显示,ICU护士职业压力、消极应对与情感枯竭、去人格化呈正相关,积极应对与个人成就感呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:ICU护士职业压力愈大,情感枯竭、去人格化程度愈重,积极应对方式可提高护士的个人成就感,消极应对方式易使情感枯竭、去人格化程度增高。

The correlation analysis between occupational stress and burnout among ICU nurses

Objective：To understand the correlation between occupational stress,coping styles and burnout, and provide a scientific basis for ICU nurses to alleviate the burnout. Methods：Investigations were carried out for 204 ICU nurses from 13 ICU in October 2013 ,used the Nurse working pressure Scale ,Sim- ple Coping Scale, and Burnout Inventory. Results ：The total score of ICU nurses occupational stress was （2.36± 0.42 ） points, and workload and time alloca- tion was the most important pressure source （2.95 ±0.67） points. ICU nurse positive coping （ 1.78 ±0.46） points,with no difference between the national norm, negative coping （1.16 ± 0.54 ） points was lower than the national norm, ICU nurse emotional exhaustion got （26.60 ± 10.23 ） points, personal ac- complishment （26.20 ± 9.78 ） points, depersonalization dimensions （6.99 ± 5.31 ） points. Correlation analysis showed that ICU nurse occupational stress, negative coping with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization were positively correlated, and actively respond positively correlated with personal accomplish- ment （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： ICU nurses have greater occupational stress, emotional exhaustion and extent personified are heavier, positive coping nurses can improve personal accomplishment, negative copings are easy to make emotional exhaustion heavy and increase extent personified.