阿尔茨海默病与脑血管性痴呆患者认知及精神行为特征比较

目的分析阿尔茨海默病( Alzheimer's disease, AD)与血管性痴呆( vascular dementia, VD)患者认知及精神行为特征. 方法按世界卫生组织的疾病国际分类第 10版( international classification of disease,10 version,ICD-10)诊断标准收集 68例 AD和 89例 VD,对两组病例使用问卷调查及认知功能筛查量表( congnitive abilities screening instrument C-2.0,CASI C-2.0)量表评定. 结果 AD在性别、受教育程度、认知功能、痴呆精神行为症状( psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia,BPSD)等方面与 VD差异有显著性意义. AD女性多于男性, VD则相反,性别比较,χ 2 =20.50, P< 0.05; AD的受教育年数少于 VD( t=2.81, P< 0.05);认知功能方面, AD组在心算力、定向力及画图能力方面较 VD受损严重( t=2.72～ 6.00, P< 0.05); BPSD方面 AD在被窃妄想、抑郁、徘徊、失语方面与 VD差异有显著性意义 (t=7.58～ 34.01, P< 0.05). 结论 AD与 VD患者在认知及精神行为方面特征不同.

Characteristic comparison of cognitive,behavioural and psychological symptoms between the patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

AIM:To analyse the characteristics of cognitive,behavioural and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD) or vascular dementia(VD). METHODS:Sixty-eight AD and 89 VD cases were collected on the basis of the diagnosis criteria of the 10th edition of the international classification of disease(ICD-10) from World Health Organization (WHO).Questionnaires and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument(C-2.0, CASI C-2.0)were introduced to those two groups of patients for evaluations. RESULTS:There were significant differences in gender, education background, cognition as well as behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) between AD and VD cases.There were more female than male patients in AD group while there were more male cases in VD group with χ 2=20.50(P< 0.05)in comparison.Years of education in AD group were less than that of the VD group(t=2.81, P< 0.05).As in cognitive aspect, the abilities of mental arithmetic, orientation and drawing in AD group had more severe damage than that of VD group(t=2.72- 6.00, P< 0.05).There were significant differences in BPSD, which were delusion of being stolen, depression, wandering and aphasia between AD and VD cases(t=7.58- 34.01, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:The characteristics of cognition as well as behavioural and psychological symptoms are obviously different between AD and VD patients.